Alteration of oral flora in betel quid chewers in Sri Lanka,Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection

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Alteration of oral flora in betel quid chewers in Sri Lanka
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.06.009
Osamu Uehara ₁ , Daichi Hiraki ₂ , Yasuhiro Kuramitsu ₃ , Hirofumi Matsuoka ₄ , Rie Takai ₅ , Mari Fujita ₆ , Fumiya Harada ₇ , Durga Paudel ₂ , Shuhei Takahashi ₂ , Koki Yoshida ₂ , Malsantha Muthumala ₈ , Hiroki Nagayasu ₇ , Itsuo Chiba ₄ , Yoshihiro Abiko ₂

Affiliation

Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan; Research Institute of Cancer Prevention, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Research Institute of Cancer Prevention, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Research Institute of Health Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Army Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background

Betel quid chewing is known as a crucial risk factor for oral diseases such as periodontal diseases, oral cancer, and precancerous lesions in Southeast Asian countries. Although abnormal oral bacterial flora may be linked to betel quid related-oral diseases such as oral cancer, precancerous lesions, and periodontal diseases, little information is available on alterations of their oral flora thus far. To identify these alterations, we analyzed the oral flora in betel quid chewers (BQC) and non-chewers (NC) in Sri Lanka.

Methods

Samples obtained from buccal swabs of BQC and NC were analyzed with a next generation sequencer. Data were processed and analyzed using the QIIME software package. Mann–Whitney U test and Permutational multivariate analysis of variance were used for statistical analyses. P values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results

In BQC, the proportion of periodontal pathogens including Actinomyces, Tannerella, and Prevotella was higher than that in NC (P < 0.05), while the proportion of cariogenic pathogens including Streptococcus, Lautropia, and Actinobacillus was lower than that in NC (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in Shannon index and PD Whole tree was observed between BQC and NC (P < 0.05). PCoA analysis detected different clusters in BQC and NC (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The results suggested that betel quid chewing significantly altered oral flora. Adequate oral health care may help prevent BQC from developing bacterial pathogen-related oral diseases.

中文翻译：

斯里兰卡槟榔咀嚼者口腔菌群的变化

背景

在东南亚国家，咀嚼槟榔是牙周病、口腔癌和癌前病变等口腔疾病的重要危险因素。尽管异常的口腔细菌菌群可能与槟榔相关的口腔疾病，如口腔癌、癌前病变和牙周病有关，但迄今为止关于其口腔菌群改变的信息很少。为了确定这些变化，我们分析了斯里兰卡槟榔咀嚼者 (BQC) 和非咀嚼者 (NC) 的口腔菌群。

方法

使用下一代测序仪分析从 BQC 和 NC 口腔拭子获得的样品。使用 QIIME 软件包处理和分析数据。Mann-Whitney U 检验和置换多变量方差分析用于统计分析。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

BQC中放线菌属、Tannerella、Prevotella等牙周病原菌比例高于NC（P < 0.05），而链球菌、Lautropia、放线杆菌等致龋菌比例低于NC（P < 0.05 ））。BQC和NC之间的香农指数和PD Whole tree差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。PCoA 分析在 BQC 和 NC 中检测到不同的簇（P < 0.05）。