Abstract The aircraft icing poses a significant hazard to aircraft safety and it is important to remove the ice in time. The electro-impulse de-icing (EIDI) system is a mechanical de-icing method, which prevents ice accumulation on that part of the aircraft where ice is more likely to form. Since its discovery research on the theory and application of the EIDI system continued to progress. In this paper, the formation of ice is detected using infrared thermography of the heat signal generated on the aircraft skin surface. Ice accretion specimen are produced to explore the effects of seven critical parameters. The performance of the EIDI system is evaluated using the infrared thermal wave test. The infrared thermography sequence of the ice accretion specimen is acquired by the infrared camera during de-icing operation. The ice detection of the EIDI system employs a method that achieves the original icing detection and icing damage detection based on infrared image processing, including principal component analysis (PCA) and Canny edge detection. The measurement of the original icing on center and radius is achieved by the three-point method, which may be further employed to evaluate the icing manufacturing error. An icing damage detection method is also designed and applied. An index based on the infrared thermal image processing results is introduced to evaluate the performance of the EIDI system under different experimental conditions. The quantitative behaviour of de-icing performance in terms of seven important parameters involved in manufacturing the ice has been verified and discussed. The results show that PCA and Canny edge detection may be effectively exploited to implement ice shape detection and, in turn, to improve the design of the EIDI system.

中文翻译：

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基于红外图像处理的电脉冲除冰系统结冰检测与评估

摘要 飞机结冰对飞机安全构成重大危害，及时除冰十分重要。电脉冲除冰 (EIDI) 系统是一种机械除冰方法，可防止飞机上更容易结冰的部分积冰。自发现以来，EIDI 系统的理论和应用研究不断取得进展。在本文中，使用飞机蒙皮表面产生的热信号的红外热成像来检测冰的形成。制作积冰标本以探索七个关键参数的影响。EIDI 系统的性能使用红外热波测试进行评估。在除冰操作过程中，红外相机获取积冰样本的红外热像序列。EIDI系统的结冰检测采用基于红外图像处理的原始结冰检测和结冰损伤检测的方法，包括主成分分析（PCA）和Canny边缘检测。原始结冰中心和半径的测量是通过三点法实现的，可进一步用于评估结冰制造误差。还设计并应用了一种结冰损坏检测方法。引入基于红外热图像处理结果的指标来评估EIDI系统在不同实验条件下的性能。已经验证和讨论了除冰性能在制造冰中涉及的七个重要参数方面的定量行为。