Investigating high-speed microparticle impact responses into soft tissue is essential to several fields such as medicine and biology with technological applications like transdermal delivery of pharmaceuticals. The understanding of the physical process involved in such a phenomenon is complex and few experimental tools are available to study high-velocity microparticle penetration in soft tissues, generally substituted by simulants like gels in the literature. One way to overcome these issues is to use numerical simulation as an efficient way of investigation, but also include difficulties such as accurate models for materials properties, microscale computation, and mathematical formulations. As the earliest meshless method, Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) has been applied in solid dynamics because of its great potentials in simulating extremely large deformation and perforation of targets by various projectiles. This paper develops an original numerical model based on SPH to study the dynamical phenomena during microscale impact of spheres into ballistic gelatin (BG), a common human tissue surrogate. By simulating a series of particle penetrations into 10 wt$\text{\%}$ BG initial velocities, the projectile trajectories and penetration depths in gelatin are investigated. The effects of the gelatin’s elastic modulus in ballistic impact are also studied. The numerical results show that this numerical model appears to be an promising approach to simulate high-velocity microparticle penetrating ballistic gelatine materials.

对于诸如医学和生物学等多个领域，以及诸如药物的透皮递送等技术应用，研究进入软组织的高速微粒撞击反应至关重要。对涉及这种现象的物理过程的理解非常复杂，很少有实验工具可用于研究软组织中高速微粒的渗透，通常在文献中被诸如凝胶之类的模拟物所替代。解决这些问题的一种方法是使用数值模拟作为一种有效的研究方法，但同时也包括诸如材料属性的精确模型，微尺度计算和数学公式之类的难题。作为最早的无网格方法，平滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）已被应用在固体动力学中，因为它具有很大的潜力，可以模拟各种弹丸对目标的极大变形和射孔。本文开发了一种基于SPH的原始数值模型，以研究在微观范围内球体进入人体常见的弹道明胶（BG）的微小撞击过程中的动力学现象。通过模拟一系列穿透到10 wt％的颗粒$\text{％}$研究了BG的初始速度，弹道和明胶的穿透深度。还研究了明胶的弹性模量在弹道冲击中的作用。数值结果表明，该数值模型似乎是模拟高速穿透弹道明胶材料的有前途的方法。