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'Calibrating to scale: a framework for humanitarian health organizations to anticipate, prevent, prepare for and manage climate-related health risks'.
Globalization and Health ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 , DOI: 10.1186/s12992-020-00582-3
Patricia Nayna Schwerdtle 1, 2 , Elizabeth Irvine 3 , Sonia Brockington 3 , Carol Devine 4, 5, 6 , Maria Guevara 4, 5 , Kathryn J Bowen 7
Affiliation  

Climate Change is adversely affecting health by increasing human vulnerability and exposure to climate-related stresses. Climate change impacts human health both directly and indirectly, through extreme weather events, changing distribution of health risks, increased risks of undernutrition, population displacement, and greater risks of injuries, disease, and death (Ebi, K., Campbell-Lendrum, D., & Wyns, A. The 1. 5 health report. WHO. 2018). This risk amplification is likely to increase the need for humanitarian support. Recent projections indicate that under a business as usual scenario of sustained greenhouse gas emissions, climate change could double the demand for humanitarian assistance by 2050 (World Health Organization. Operational Framework for building climateresilient health systems. WHO. 2015). Humanitarian assistance is currently not meeting the existing needs, therefore, any additional burden is likely to be highly challenging. Global health advocates, researchers, and policymakers are calling for urgent action on climate change, yet there is little clarity on what that action practically entails for humanitarian organizations. While some humanitarian organizations may consider themselves well designed to respond, climate change as a transversal threat requires the incorporation of a resilience approach to humanitarian action and policy responses. By bringing together authors from two historically disparate fields - climate change and health, and humanitarian assistance – this paper aims to increase the capacity of humanitarian organizations to protect health in an unstable climate by presenting an adapted framework. We adapted the WHO operational framework for climate-resilient health systems for humanitarian organizations and present concrete case studies to demonstrate how the framework can be implemented. Rather than suggest a re-design of humanitarian operations we recommend the application of a climate-lens to humanitarian activities, or what is also referred to as mainstreaming climate and health concerns into policies and programs. The framework serves as a starting point to encourage further dialogue, and to strengthen collaboration within, between, and beyond humanitarian organizations.

中文翻译:

“按规模进行校准:人道主义卫生组织预测、预防、准备和管理气候相关健康风险的框架”。

气候变化增加了人类的脆弱性和遭受气候相关压力的影响,从而对健康产生不利影响。气候变化通过极端天气事件、健康风险分布变化、营养不良风险增加、人口流离失所以及受伤、疾病和死亡风险增加,直接和间接影响人类健康(Ebi, K., Campbell-Lendrum, D) ., & Wyns, A. 1. 5 健康报告。世界卫生组织. 2018)。这种风险的放大可能会增加对人道主义支持的需求。最近的预测表明,在持续温室气体排放的情况下,到 2050 年,气候变化可能会使人道主义援助的需求增加一倍(世界卫生组织。建立气候适应型卫生系统的操作框架。世界卫生组织。2015 年)。人道主义援助目前无法满足现有需求,因此任何额外负担都可能极具挑战性。全球健康倡导者、研究人员和政策制定者呼吁针对气候变化采取紧急行动,但该行动对人道主义组织的实际意义还不清楚。虽然一些人道主义组织可能认为自己的应对能力很好,但气候变化作为一种​​横向威胁,需要将弹性方法纳入人道主义行动和政策应对中。通过汇集来自两个历史上不同领域(气候变化与健康以及人道主义援助)的作者,本文旨在通过提出一个适应性框架来提高人道主义组织在不稳定气候下保护健康的能力。我们为人道主义组织调整了世卫组织气候适应型卫生系统运作框架,并提出具体案例研究来展示如何实施该框架。我们不建议重新设计人道主义行动,而是建议将气候视角应用于人道主义活动,或者也称为将气候和健康问题纳入政策和计划的主流。该框架是鼓励进一步对话并加强人道主义组织内部、之间和外部合作的起点。
更新日期:2020-06-26
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