While many municipalities and organizations see value in converting infrastructure data from Computer-Aided Design (CAD) to Geographic Information System (GIS) format, the process can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Given that municipal employees often prefer to continue performing work in both CAD and GIS, depending on the type of work required, an improved conversion process would help municipalities more fully employ GIS-based analyses. Municipalities facing budget and capacity challenges would especially benefit from an improved conversion process. With advances in GIS functionality and the promise of smart and connected cities, more emphasis is placed on the quality of data, and in this case, the potential loss of data quality from CAD to GIS formats. The goals of this article are twofold. First, to understand the common practices municipalities use to convert infrastructure CAD data to GIS and the specific challenges they face. Second, based on knowledge of those practices and challenges, this article proposes a five-step process to reduce common conversion errors and reduce the time required to correct these errors. The process is illustrated through the conversion of CAD data from the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) campus. The findings were validated with qualitative, semi-structured interviews conducted with GIS Analysts and Managers working in eleven municipalities across the United States who directly manage at least one of the following infrastructures: water, sanitary sewer, or stormwater sewer systems. The interviews confirmed the challenges municipalities faced with the conversion and identified solutions interviewees undertook to enable data-informed decision-making.

中文翻译：

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将基础设施数据从计算机辅助设计 (CAD) 转换为地理信息系统 (GIS) 的协议

虽然许多市政当局和组织看到将基础设施数据从计算机辅助设计 (CAD) 转换为地理信息系统 (GIS) 格式的价值，但该过程可能复杂、昂贵且耗时。鉴于市政雇员通常更愿意继续在 CAD 和 GIS 中执行工作，具体取决于所需的工作类型，改进的转换过程将帮助市政当局更充分地采用基于 GIS 的分析。面临预算和能力挑战的市政当局将特别受益于改进的转换过程。随着 GIS 功能的进步以及智能和互联城市的前景，人们更加重视数据的质量，在这种情况下，从 CAD 到 GIS 格式的数据质量可能会下降。本文的目标是双重的。第一的，了解市政当局用于将基础设施 CAD 数据转换为 GIS 的常见做法以及他们面临的具体挑战。其次，基于对这些实践和挑战的了解，本文提出了一个五步流程来减少常见的转换错误并减少纠正这些错误所需的时间。该过程通过转换来自伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校 (UIC) 校区的 CAD 数据来说明。通过对在美国 11 个城市工作的 GIS 分析师和经理进行的定性、半结构化访谈进行验证，这些分析师和经理至少直接管理以下基础设施之一：供水、污水下水道或雨水下水道系统。