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Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Retention of Visuomotor Stepping Skills in Healthy Adults
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 , DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00251
Shih-Chiao Tseng 1 , Shuo-Hsiu Chang 2 , Kristine M Hoerth 1 , Anh-Tu A Nguyen 1 , Daniel Perales 1
Affiliation  

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) paired with exercise training can enhance learning and retention of hand tasks; however, there have been few investigations of the effects of tDCS on leg skill improvements. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tDCS paired with visuomotor step training can promote skill learning and retention. We hypothesized that pairing step training with anodal tDCS would improve skill learning and retention, evidenced by decreased step reaction times (RTs), both immediately (online skill gains) and 30 min after training (offline skill gains). Twenty healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of two groups, in which 20-min anodal or sham tDCS was applied to the lower limb motor cortex and paired with visuomotor step training. Step RTs were determined across three time points: (1) before brain stimulation (baseline); (2) immediately after brain stimulation (P0); and (3) 30 min after brain stimulation (P3). A continuous decline in RT was observed in the anodal tDCS group at both P0 and P3, with a significant decrease in RT at P3; whereas there were no improvements in RT at P0 and P3 in the sham group. These findings do not support our hypothesis that anodal tDCS enhances online learning, as RT was not decreased significantly immediately after stimulation. Nevertheless, the results indicate that anodal tDCS enhances offline learning, as RT was significantly decreased 30 min after stimulation, likely because of tDCS-induced neural modulation of cortical and subcortical excitability, synaptic efficacy, and spinal neuronal activity.

中文翻译:

阳极经颅直流电刺激增强了健康成人的视觉运动步进技能的保留

经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 与运动训练相结合,可以增强手部任务的学习和记忆力;然而,很少有关于 tDCS 对腿部技能改进影响的调查。本研究的目的是调查 tDCS 与视觉运动步训练配对是否可以促进技能学习和保留。我们假设将步训练与阳极 tDCS 配对可以提高技能学习和保留,这可以通过减少步反应时间 (RT) 来证明,无论是立即(在线技能获得)还是训练后 30 分钟(离线技能获得)。20 名健康成年人被随机分配到两组中的一组,其中将 20 分钟阳极或假 tDCS 应用于下肢运动皮层,并与视觉运动步训练配对。跨三个时间点确定步骤 RT:(1) 脑刺激前(基线);(2)脑刺激后立即(P0);(3) 脑刺激后 30 分钟 (P3)。阳极 tDCS 组在 P0 和 P3 时均观察到 RT 持续下降,P3 时 RT 显着降低;而假手术组在 P0 和 P3 时的 RT 没有改善。这些发现不支持我们的假设,即阳极 tDCS 增强在线学习,因为刺激后 RT 没有立即显着降低。尽管如此,结果表明阳极 tDCS 增强了离线学习,因为刺激后 30 分钟 RT 显着降低,这可能是因为 tDCS 诱导的皮质和皮质下兴奋性、突触功效和脊髓神经元活动的神经调节。(3) 脑刺激后 30 分钟 (P3)。阳极 tDCS 组在 P0 和 P3 时均观察到 RT 持续下降,P3 时 RT 显着降低;而假手术组在 P0 和 P3 时的 RT 没有改善。这些发现不支持我们的假设,即阳极 tDCS 增强在线学习,因为刺激后 RT 没有立即显着降低。尽管如此,结果表明阳极 tDCS 增强了离线学习,因为刺激后 30 分钟 RT 显着降低,这可能是因为 tDCS 诱导的皮质和皮质下兴奋性、突触功效和脊髓神经元活动的神经调节。(3) 脑刺激后 30 分钟 (P3)。阳极 tDCS 组在 P0 和 P3 时均观察到 RT 持续下降,P3 时 RT 显着降低;而假手术组在 P0 和 P3 时的 RT 没有改善。这些发现不支持我们的假设,即阳极 tDCS 增强在线学习,因为刺激后 RT 没有立即显着降低。尽管如此,结果表明阳极 tDCS 增强了离线学习,因为刺激后 30 分钟 RT 显着降低,这可能是因为 tDCS 诱导的皮质和皮质下兴奋性、突触功效和脊髓神经元活动的神经调节。而假手术组在 P0 和 P3 时的 RT 没有改善。这些发现不支持我们的假设,即阳极 tDCS 增强在线学习,因为刺激后 RT 没有立即显着降低。尽管如此,结果表明阳极 tDCS 增强了离线学习,因为刺激后 30 分钟 RT 显着降低,这可能是因为 tDCS 诱导的皮质和皮质下兴奋性、突触功效和脊髓神经元活动的神经调节。而假手术组在 P0 和 P3 时的 RT 没有改善。这些发现不支持我们的假设,即阳极 tDCS 增强在线学习,因为刺激后 RT 没有立即显着降低。然而,结果表明阳极 tDCS 增强了离线学习,因为刺激后 30 分钟 RT 显着降低,这可能是因为 tDCS 诱导的皮质和皮质下兴奋性、突触功效和脊髓神经元活动的神经调节。
更新日期:2020-06-26
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