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Post‐fire development of faunal habitat depends on plant regeneration traits
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.12896
Frederick W. Rainsford 1, 2 , Luke T. Kelly 3 , Steve W.J. Leonard 4 , Andrew F. Bennett 1, 2
Affiliation  

The concept that vegetation structure (and faunal habitat) develops predictably with time since fire has been central to understanding the relationship between fire and fauna. However, because plants regenerate after fire in different ways (e.g. resprouting from above‐ground stems vs. underground lignotubers), use of simple categories based on time since fire might not adequately represent post‐fire habitat development in all ecosystems. We tested the hypothesis that the post‐fire development of faunal habitat structure differs between ecosystems, depending on fire regeneration traits of the dominant canopy trees. We measured 12 habitat components at sites in foothill forests (n = 38), heathy woodlands (n = 38) and mallee woodlands (n = 98) in Victoria, Australia, and used generalised additive models to predict changes in each variable with time since fire. A greater percentage of faunal habitat variables responded significantly to time since fire in mallee woodlands, where fires typically are stand‐replacing, than in foothill forests and heathy woodlands, where canopy tree stems generally persist through fire. In the ecosystem with the highest proportion of epicormic resprouters (foothill forests), only ground cover and understorey vegetation responded significantly to time since fire, compared with all but one variable in the ecosystem dominated by basal resprouters (mallee woodlands). These differences between ecosystems in the post‐fire development of key habitat components suggest there may also be fundamental differences in the role of fire in shaping the distribution of fauna. If so, this challenges the way in which many fire‐prone ecosystems currently are categorised and managed, especially the level of dependence on time since fire and other temporal surrogates such as age‐classes and successional states. Where time since fire is a poor surrogate for habitat structural development, additional complexity (e.g. fire severity, topography and prior land‐use history) could better capture processes that determine faunal occurrence in fire‐prone ecosystems.

中文翻译:

火后动物栖息地的发育取决于植物的再生特性

自火灾以来,植被结构(和动物栖息地)随时间可预测发展的概念一直是理解火灾与动物之间关系的核心。但是,由于植物在火灾后以不同的方式再生(例如,从地上茎再生而来的地下木质茎),因此根据时间使用简单的类别,因为火灾可能无法充分代表所有生态系统中火灾后栖息地的发展。我们检验了以下假设:根据主要冠层树的火灾再生特征,不同生态系统之间动物栖息地结构的火灾后发展不同。我们在山麓森林(n  = 38),健康林地(n  = 38)和马利林地(n = 98),并使用广义加性模型预测自火灾以来每个变量随时间的变化。自从火势通常被林木替换的木槌林地以来,比起山坡森林和健壮的林地,树冠茎通常在大火中持续存在,自从发生火灾以来,更大比例的动物栖息地变量对时间有显着响应。与基层生殖器(马利林地)占主导地位的生态系统中,除了一个变量以外,在除表皮生殖器比例最高的生态系统(山麓森林)中,只有地面覆盖和底层植被对火灾以来的时间有显着响应。火灾后关键生境组成部分中生态系统之间的这些差异表明,火灾在影响动物群分布方面的作用也可能存在根本差异。如果是这样,这将挑战当前许多易火生态系统的分类和管理方式,尤其是自大火和其他时间代用品(例如年龄和继承状态)以来对时间的依赖程度。自火灾以来的时间不足以替代栖息地结构的发展,那么其他复杂性(例如火灾严重性,地形和先前的土地使用历史)则可以更好地捕获确定易火生态系统中动物群发生的过程。尤其是自火灾和其他临时代理人(例如年龄段和继承国家)以来对时间的依赖程度。自火灾以来的时间不足以替代栖息地结构的发展,那么其他复杂性(例如火灾严重性,地形和先前的土地使用历史)则可以更好地捕获确定易火生态系统中动物群发生的过程。尤其是自火灾和其他临时代理人(例如年龄段和继承国家)以来对时间的依赖程度。自火灾以来的时间不足以替代栖息地结构的发展,那么其他复杂性(例如火灾严重性,地形和先前的土地使用历史)则可以更好地捕获确定易火生态系统中动物群发生的过程。
更新日期:2020-06-26
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