Key measures to halt the spread of tuberculosis (TB) include early diagnosis, effective treatment, and monitoring disease management. We sought to evaluate the use of serum immunoglobulin levels against antigens present in cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to monitor TB treatment response in children and adolescents with pulmonary (PTB) or extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Blood samples were collected prior to and one, two, and six months following treatment initiation. Serum immunoglobulin levels against cardiolipin, sulfatide, mycolic acid and Mce1A protein were measured by ELISA. Serum from 53 TB patients and 12 healthy participants were analyzed. After six months of successful treatment, there was a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in IgM levels against cardiolipin, sulfatide, mycolic acid and Mce1A protein and IgG levels against Mce1A protein when compared to baseline immunoglobulin levels. There was no significant variation in antibody levels during follow-up between participants with PTB and EPTB, confirmed and unconfirmed TB diagnosis, and HIV infection status. Antibody levels in control participants without TB did not decrease during follow-up. These results suggest that immunoglobulin responses to mycobacterial cell wall products may be a useful tool to monitor treatment response in children and adolescents with PTB or EPTB.

中文翻译：

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监测儿童和青少年肺结核和肺外结核治疗反应的血清学生物标志物

阻止结核病 (TB) 传播的关键措施包括早期诊断、有效治疗和监测疾病管理。我们试图评估血清免疫球蛋白水平针对结核分枝杆菌细胞包膜中存在的抗原的用途，以监测患有肺结核 (PTB) 或肺外结核 (EPTB) 的儿童和青少年的结核病治疗反应。在治疗开始前和治疗开始后一、二和六个月收集血样。通过 ELISA 测量针对心磷脂、硫苷脂、分枝菌酸和 Mce1A 蛋白的血清免疫球蛋白水平。分析了 53 名结核病患者和 12 名健康参与者的血清。成功治疗六个月后，针对心磷脂、硫苷脂、与基线免疫球蛋白水平相比，霉菌酸和 Mce1A 蛋白以及针对 Mce1A 蛋白的 IgG 水平。在随访期间，PTB 和 EPTB、确诊和未确诊的 TB 诊断以及 HIV 感染状态的参与者之间的抗体水平没有显着差异。没有结核病的对照组参与者的抗体水平在随访期间没有下降。这些结果表明，免疫球蛋白对分枝杆菌细胞壁产物的反应可能是监测 PTB 或 EPTB 儿童和青少年治疗反应的有用工具。没有结核病的对照组参与者的抗体水平在随访期间没有下降。这些结果表明，免疫球蛋白对分枝杆菌细胞壁产物的反应可能是监测 PTB 或 EPTB 儿童和青少年治疗反应的有用工具。没有结核病的对照组参与者的抗体水平在随访期间没有下降。这些结果表明，免疫球蛋白对分枝杆菌细胞壁产物的反应可能是监测 PTB 或 EPTB 儿童和青少年治疗反应的有用工具。