Product designs from a wide range of industries such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and others can benefit from new metamaterials for mechanical energy dissipation. In this study, we explore a novel new class of metamaterials with unit cells that absorb energy via sliding Coulombic friction. Remarkably, even materials such as metals and ceramics, which typically have no intrinsic reversible energy dissipation, can be architected to provide dissipation akin to elastomers. The concept is demonstrated at different scales (centimeter to micrometer), with different materials (metal and polymer), and in different operating environments (high and low temperatures), all showing substantial dissipative improvements over conventional non-contacting lattice unit cells. Further, as with other ‘programmable’ metamaterials, the degree of Coulombic absorption can be tailored for a given application. An analytic expression is derived to allow rapid first-order optimization. This new class of Coulombic friction energy absorbers can apply broadly to many industrial sectors such as transportation (e.g. monolithic shock absorbers), biomedical (e.g. prosthetics), athletic equipment (e.g. skis, bicycles, etc.), defense (e.g. vibration tolerant structures), and energy (e.g. survivable electrical grid components).

来自航空航天，汽车，生物医学和其他行业的广泛行业的产品设计可以受益于用于机械能耗散的新型超材料。在这项研究中，我们探索了一种新的新型超材料，其具有通过滑动库仑摩擦吸收能量的晶胞。值得注意的是，即使材料（例如金属和陶瓷）通常没有固有的可逆能量耗散，也可以设计为提供类似于弹性体的耗散。该概念在不同的规模（厘米到微米），不同的材料（金属和聚合物）以及不同的操作环境（高温和低温）下得到了证明，与传统的非接触式晶格晶胞相比，它们均显示出显着的耗散性改进。此外，与其他“可编程”超材料一样，库仑吸收的程度可以针对给定的应用量身定制。导出分析表达式以允许快速一阶优化。这类新型库仑摩擦能量吸收器可广泛应用于许多工业领域，例如交通运输（例如整体式减震器），生物医学（例如假肢），运动器材（例如滑雪板，自行车等），国防（例如耐振动的结构） ，以及能源（例如，可生存的电网组件）。