The Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) has been applied to find the optimal structural topology for design and construction purposes. However, its efficiency is low due to the imperfect deletion criteria. This paper presents an improved elimination criterion and the Windowed Evolutionary Structural Optimization (WESO) method. The former considers the structural average strain energy as the elimination criteria in the optimization, with the elimination rate set as a self-adaption state by an adjustable window. Thus, the problems of low optimization efficiency and distorted optimization results in the traditional ESO can be solved to a certain extent. The WESO method can then be extended and applied with a complex finite element model. It is found that the method has better optimal ability in handling discrete elements in vast structures. Compared with the other method, the WESO method has high computational efficiency and offers more stable and reliable topology than the Michell theoretical solution. Lastly, upon developing the optimal topology for a double-deck structure, it is shown that the WESO method has a great potential in civil engineering applications.

进化结构优化（ESO）已被用于查找设计和施工目的的最佳结构拓扑。但是，由于删除标准不完善，其效率很低。本文提出了一种改进的消除准则和窗口进化结构优化（WESO）方法。前者将结构平均应变能视为优化中的消除标准，消除率通过可调窗口设置为自适应状态。因此，可以在一定程度上解决传统ESO中优化效率低，优化结果失真的问题。然后可以扩展WESO方法，并将其应用于复杂的有限元模型。发现该方法在处理大型结构中的离散元素方面具有更好的优化能力。与其他方法相比，WESO方法具有较高的计算效率，并且比Michell理论解决方案具有更稳定，更可靠的拓扑。最后，在为双层结构开发最佳拓扑时，表明WESO方法在土木工程应用中具有很大的潜力。