Demand for renewable energy continually increases due to environmental pollution and resource depletion caused by the increased use of fossil fuels. Among the various renewable energies, the solar cell developed by numerous researchers has been widely used because of its advantages, including ease of use and low maintenance cost. However, problems, such as efficiency, waste treatment, and light pollution, also raise concerns. The largest drawback of solar cell has been the low energy conversion efficiency arising from optical loss. To improve solar cell efficiency, numerous studies have been conducted, and thus, various solutions were developed in recent decades. In this review, the principle and application of surface texturization methods utilizing micro/nano scale structure on the surfaces of solar cells are elaborated in detail. These texturized surfaces with unique optical properties can be implemented as anti-reflective or light-trapping interfaces to reduce optical loss and thus enhance the efficiency of solar cells. Optical properties of texturized surfaces and applied examples are introduced in this review.

由于增加化石燃料的使用引起的环境污染和资源枯竭，对可再生能源的需求持续增长。在各种可再生能源中，由众多研究人员开发的太阳能电池由于其优点包括易于使用和维护成本低而被广泛使用。但是，效率，废物处理和光污染等问题也引起了人们的关注。太阳能电池的最大缺点是由光损耗引起的低能量转换效率。为了提高太阳能电池的效率，已经进行了许多研究，因此，近几十年来开发了各种解决方案。在这篇综述中，详细阐述了在太阳能电池表面上利用微米/纳米尺度结构的表面纹理化方法的原理和应用。这些具有独特光学特性的纹理化表面可以实现为抗反射或陷光界面，以减少光学损耗，从而提高太阳能电池的效率。这篇综述介绍了纹理化表面的光学特性和应用实例。