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Sonochemical production of nanoscaled crystalline cellulose using organic acids
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1039/d0gc01283a
Eduardo Robles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Nagore Izaguirre 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Bianca-Ioana Dogaru 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Carmen-Mihaela Popescu 6, 7, 8 , Irati Barandiaran 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 , Jalel Labidi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

The present work deals with the production of cellulose nanoparticles through sonochemistry in various organic acidic media. The use of such organic acids represents low-environmental harm for the process. In contrast, the use of induced cavitation during chemical reaction balances the low effectiveness associated with the hydrolysis that uses organic acids, related to their low acidity. Overcoming the costs associated with extensive use of reagents and long reaction periods, which result in high-energy requirements, gives the value-added potential to an intrinsically green process. The selected organic acids were oxalic, maleic, and citric acid, chosen for their nature and their acid dissociation constant, as well as their availability in nature, which makes them green and cheap acidic media to produce cellulose nanocrystals. The acid concentration used was 0.2 moles for all the reactions; however, the pH, temperature, and reaction time were variated. The yields ranged between 20 and 40% depending on the reaction conditions, which are similar to typical cellulose nanocrystals yields. On the other hand, physicochemical analyses showed little differences between the different cellulose nanocrystals, thus indicating that the main benefit of having longer reaction times relies exclusively on the production yield. The resultant CNC surface contained carboxylic acid groups, which facilitate functionalization and dispersion in aqueous processing.

中文翻译:

使用有机酸声化学法生产纳米级结晶纤维素

目前的工作涉及通过声化学在各种有机酸性介质中生产纤维素纳米颗粒。此类有机酸的使用代表了该方法对环境的低危害。相反,在化学反应过程中使用诱导的气穴可平衡与使用有机酸的水解相关的低效力,这与有机酸的低酸性有关。克服了由于大量使用试剂和较长的反应时间而导致的高能耗要求,从而为本质上绿色的过程带来了增值潜力。选择的有机酸是草酸,马来酸和柠檬酸,根据其性质,酸解离常数以及其在自然界中的可用性而选择,这使其成为绿色且廉价的酸性介质,可生产纤维素纳米晶体。所有反应中所用的酸浓度为0.2摩尔。但是,pH,温度和反应时间是变化的。取决于反应条件,产率在20%至40%之间,这与典型的纤维素纳米晶体的产率相似。另一方面,理化分析显示不同的纤维素纳米晶体之间几乎没有差异,因此表明具有更长的反应时间的主要好处仅取决于产量。所得的CNC表面含有羧酸基,其有助于在水性加工中的官能化和分散。与典型的纤维素纳米晶体产量相似。另一方面,理化分析显示不同的纤维素纳米晶体之间几乎没有差异,因此表明具有更长的反应时间的主要好处仅取决于产量。所得的CNC表面含有羧酸基,其有助于在水性加工中的官能化和分散。与典型的纤维素纳米晶体产量相似。另一方面,理化分析显示不同的纤维素纳米晶体之间几乎没有差异,因此表明具有更长的反应时间的主要好处仅取决于产量。所得的CNC表面含有羧酸基,其有助于在水性加工中的官能化和分散。
更新日期:2020-07-20
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