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Trichome micromorphology in Alcea L. and allied genera (Malvaceae) and its systematic implication
Nordic Journal of Botany ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.1111/njb.02540
Mahnaz Arabameri 1 , Hamed Khodayari 1 , Shahin Zarre 2
Affiliation  

Trichomes of 26 species of Alcea (Malvaceae) were investigated using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The trichomes show a great micromorphological variation, which provides data useful for species delimitation in Alcea. Two basic types of trichomes could be distinguished in Alcea and allied genera: glandular and eglandular. The glandular trichomes could in turn be subdivided into two subtypes: capitate and clavate. The eglandular trichomes could be subdivided into five subtypes: simple, fascicled, stellate, fascicled‐stellate and pluri‐radiate. Characters of taxonomic interest are: trichome density (glabrous to dense), number of arms per trichome, orientation relative to the epidermal surface (appressed to erect) and presence/absence of a stalk. According to the results the species of Alcea can be divided into four informal groups based on trichome types. The results further support the exclusion of the annual Althaea species from the perennial ones and their close relationship to Malva. In addition, a close relationship between perennial Althaea and basal Alcea lineages is supported. Based on the evolutionary framework provided by recent molecular phylogenetic investigations, the following trends can be observed in the Malva alliance: long and narrow‐armed trichomes are primitive in relation to short and thick‐armed trichomes; dense indumentum coverage is primitive in relation to moderately dense or glabrous ones; presence of simple hairs on stem (particularly on leaves) is more advanced than their absence; spreading villous‐stellate and fascicled trichomes are more advanced than appressed stellate ones. Clavate trichomes, which were found exclusively in a few species of Alcea, should be considered as a derived state in relation to capitate ones, and they may provide a synapomorphy for the crown group of Alcea.

中文翻译:

Alcea L.和相关属(锦葵科)的trichome微观形态学及其系统学意义

使用光(LM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了26种Alcea(锦葵科)的毛线虫。毛状体显示出巨大的微观形态变化,这为Alcea中的物种划界提供了有用的数据。Alcea可以区分两种基本的毛状体和相关属:腺和eglandular。腺毛状体又可以细分为两种亚型:头状和棒状。腺毛的毛状体可分为五种亚型:简单的,簇状的,星状的,簇状的星状的和多径的。分类学上感兴趣的特征是:毛线密度(无毛到致密),每条毛线的臂数,相对于表皮表面的方向(直立)和茎杆的存在/不存在。根据结果​​,Alcea的物种可根据毛状体类型分为四个非正式群体。结果进一步支持从多年生物种中排除一年生Althaea种及其与锦葵的密切关系。此外,常年Althaea和基底Alcea世系之间的密切关系得到支持。根据最近的分子系统发育研究提供的进化框架,在马尔瓦联盟中可以观察到以下趋势:长臂和窄臂毛线毛相对于短臂和粗臂毛线毛是原始的。相对于中等密度或无毛的覆盖物,原始的覆盖物覆盖是原始的。茎上(尤其是叶子上)单毛的存在比不存在的毛发更先进;散布长柔毛的星状和簇状的毛状体比贴伏的星状毛状体更先进。棒状毛状体,仅在几种Alcea中发现,应被认为是相对于人头的衍生状态,并且它们可能为Alcea的冠群提供一个同形。
更新日期:2020-06-24
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