Continuous efforts have been made to achieve nanostructured carbon materials with highly ordered graphitic structures using facile synthetic methods. 3D graphite nanoballs (GNBs) are synthesized by the low‐temperature pyrolysis of a non‐graphitizable precursor, tannic acid (TA). Abundant phenol groups on TA bind to Ni²⁺ to form metal‐phenolic coordination, which renders each Ni cation to be atomically distributed by the TA ligands. Even at low temperatures (1000 °C), highly ordered graphitic structure is promoted by the distributed Ni nanoparticles that act as a graphitization catalyzer. The crystallinity of the GNB is fully corroborated by the intense 2D peak observed in Raman spectroscopy. In particular, the graphitic layers have orientations pointing toward multidirections, which are beneficial for the rapid transport of Li‐ions into graphite grains. The resulting materials exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance (120 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C and 282 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.5 C after 500 cycles) when evaluated as a fast‐chargeable negative electrode for lithium ion batteries.

中文翻译：

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金属-酚类化合物的原子分布配位态可实现高性能多向石墨阳极的低温石墨化。

已经进行了持续的努力，以使用简便的合成方法获得具有高度有序的石墨结构的纳米结构碳材料。3D石墨纳米球（GNB）是通过不可石墨化的前体鞣酸（TA）的低温热解合成的。TA上的大量酚基团与Ni ²⁺结合形成金属-酚配位，这使得每个Ni阳离子都可以通过TA配体原子分布。即使在低温（1000°C）下，充当石墨化催化剂的分布Ni纳米颗粒也会促进高度有序的石墨结构。在拉曼光谱中观察到的强烈2D峰充分证实了GNB的结晶度。特别是，石墨层的取向指向多方向，这有利于将锂离子快速迁移到石墨颗粒中。当评估为锂离子电池的可快速充电负极时，所得材料具有出色的电化学性能（5 C下为120 mAh g ^-1和500 C下在0.5 C下的282 mAh g ^-1）。