Population-level surveys for Dirofilaria immitis in wild canids typically rely on identification of the parasite at necropsy. More recently, some studies have employed the use of the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test. However, since the assay was designed for use with domestic dogs it needs to be validated for use with wild canids for accurate interpretation of results. We therefore evaluated the performance of the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test for detection of D. immitis in wild canids in southern Ontario. Overall, 199 wild canid carcasses were collected from across the region and assessed for the presence of D. immitis parasites at necropsy; ten were infected. Lung tissue extract (LE) and thoracic fluid filter paper extract (TFE) prepared from each wild canid were tested via the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test, which simultaneously tests for the presence of D. immitis antigen and antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma spp., and Ehrlichia spp. The prevalence adjusted bias adjusted kappa (PABAK) and Gwet’s first-order-agreement coefficient (AC1) were used to assess the level of agreement between sample pairs. The PABAK and AC1 between LF and TFE applied to the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test and the necropsy-confirmed D. immitis status indicated a very high level of agreement for all sample pairs. Compared to necropsy-confirmed D. immitis status, the estimated sensitivity and specificity of the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test for D. immitis antigen in LE was 80 % (95 % CI 44.4–97.5%) and 98.9 % (95 % CI 96.2–99.9%), respectively. For the TFE, the sensitivity was 70 % (95 % CI 34.8–93.3%) and the specificity was 97.9 % (95 % CI 94.7–99.4%). With respect to the tick-borne pathogen components, 1.5 % (3/199; 95 % CI 0.3–4.5%) of wild canids tested positive for B. burgdorferi antibody; 1.0 % (2/199; 95 % CI 0–3.8%) of LE samples were positive and 0.5 % (1/199; 95 % CI 0–3.1%) of TFE samples were positive. No samples tested positive for antibody to Anaplasma spp. (95 % CI 0–2.3%) or Ehrlichia spp. (95 % CI 0–2.3%). Collectively, the results suggest that the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus test may be a suitable test for use with LE and TFE for the detection of D. immitis antigen in wild canids from southern Ontario.

野生犬科动物中Dirofilaria炎的人群水平调查通常取决于尸检时对寄生虫的鉴定。最近，一些研究采用了SNAP®4Dx®Plus测试。但是，由于该测定法是为与家犬一起使用而设计的，因此需要对与野生犬科动物一起使用进行验证，以准确解释结果。因此，我们评估了SNAP®4Dx®Plus测试在安大略省南部野生犬科动物中检测D.肠炎的性能。总体上，从该地区收集了199个野生犬科动物尸体，并评估了D. immitis的存在。尸检中的寄生虫；十人被感染。由每个野生犬科动物制备的肺组织提取物（LE）和胸腔滤纸提取物（TFE）通过SNAP®4Dx®Plus测试进行测试，该测试同时测试D.炎性抗原和抗伯氏疏螺旋体，无形体属种的抗体。和Ehrlichia spp。使用患病率调整的偏倚调整的κ（PABAK）和Gwet的一阶协议系数（AC1）评估样本对之间的协议水平。LF和TFE之间的PABAK和AC1应用于SNAP®4Dx®Plus测试和尸检确认的D.炎性状态表明，所有样品对的一致性很高。与尸检证实的D.SNAP®4Dx®Plus检测对LE中的D.炎性抗原的估计敏感性和特异性分别为80％（95％CI 44.4–97.5％）和98.9％（95％CI 96.2–99.9％）。对于TFE，敏感性为70％（95％CI 34.8–93.3％），特异性为97.9％（95％CI 94.7–99.4％）。就the传播的病原体成分​​而言，有1.5％（3/199; 95％CI 0.3–4.5％）的野生犬科动物对伯氏疏螺旋体抗体呈阳性反应。LE样品的1.0％（2/199; 95％CI 0-3.8％）为阳性，TFE样品的0.5％（1/199; 95％CI 0-3.1％）为阳性。没有样品检测到针对Anaplasma spp的抗体呈阳性。（95％CI 0-2.3％）或埃立克体spp。（95％CI 0–2.3％）。总体而言，结果表明SNAP®4Dx®Plus检测可能是与LE和TFE一起检测安大略南部南部野生犬科中的D.炎性抗原的合适检测。