In permafrost regions, the construction of embankment leads to the permafrost degradation, further affecting the embankment stability. Considering wider bituminous pavement and higher technical standard for expressway than ordinary highway, the heat and deformation behaviors of the separated expressway are investigated through a full-scale field experimental expressway embankment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results show that: (1) the strong endothermic effect and heat accumulation effect of expressway embankment greatly reduce its thermal and deformation stability and intensify the shady-sunny slope effect. The decline rate of permafrost table, settlement rate and transverse deformation difference are 1.59, 1.33 and 1.94 times those of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, respectively. (2) Under the comprehensive function of the heat gathering effect, the shady-sunny slope effect and strong convective heat transfer on windward slope, the maximum thawing depth under the sunny slope significantly increases with time, and that under the shady slope shoulder relatively slightly increases, while it under the shady slope toe remains basically unchanged. (3) The deformations at the sunny and shady slope shoulders are divided into slow settlement, rapid settlement and stabilization deformation/upheave. The slow settlement is mostly due to thaw settlement, and the rapid settlement is mainly originated from thaw settlement and thaw solidification of permafrost.

在多年冻土地区，路堤的建设导致了多年冻土的退化，进一步影响了路堤的稳定性。考虑到沥青路面比普通公路更宽阔，技术标准更高，通过青藏高原的全尺寸实地试验路堤研究了分离高速公路的热和变形特性。结果表明：（1）高速公路路堤的强吸热作用和蓄热作用大大降低了路堤的热变形稳定性，加剧了阴暗阳坡效应。多年冻土表的下降率，沉降率和横向变形差分别是青藏公路的1.59倍，1.33倍和1.94倍。（2）在集热作用的综合作用下，迎风坡上的阴-阳坡效应和强对流换热，阳坡下的最大解冻深度随时间显着增加，阴坡肩下的最大解冻深度相对略有增加，而阴坡脚趾下的最大解冻深度基本不变。（3）晴天和阴坡路肩处的变形分为缓慢沉降，快速沉降和稳定变形/隆起。缓慢的沉降主要是由于融化沉降，而快速的沉降主要来自融化沉降和多年冻土的融化固化。而在阴暗的坡脚趾下它基本保持不变。（3）晴天和阴坡路肩处的变形分为缓慢沉降，快速沉降和稳定变形/隆起。缓慢沉降主要是由于融化沉降，而快速沉降主要来自融化沉降和多年冻土的融化固化。而在阴暗的坡脚趾下它基本保持不变。（3）晴天和阴坡路肩处的变形分为缓慢沉降，快速沉降和稳定变形/隆起。缓慢沉降主要是由于融化沉降，而快速沉降主要来自融化沉降和多年冻土的融化固化。