A new type of electronic sensor fabricated with thin films of unique ionically conductive metal-organic frameworks (IC-MOFs) for detecting lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrolyte leakage was developed. Sensing signals based on the output current, capacitance, and equivalent resistance were investigated and compared comprehensively. Rapid detection of dimethyl carbonate (50 ppb) and LIB electrolyte (20 nL) leakage could be achieved within seconds. Mechanistic studies showed that direct interaction between analytes and metal ions in IC-MOF thin films might account for the sensor's ultrahigh sensitivity and response speed. Real-time detection was further demonstrated by testing an actual LIB displaying electrolyte leakage. The sensor was able to signal the leakage while the voltage of the leaking battery was kept at almost the same level as that of a pristine battery for several hours, which shows the capability of hours of early warning time for our sensors. Moreover, long-term device stability (tested over 6 months in ambient atmosphere, with negligible change) was demonstrated.

开发了一种新型的电子传感器，该传感器由独特的离子导电金属有机骨架（IC-MOF）薄膜制成，用于检测锂离子电池（LIB）电解质泄漏。全面研究并比较了基于输出电流，电容和等效电阻的传感信号。可以在几秒钟内快速检测出碳酸二甲酯（50 ppb）和LIB电解质（20 nL）泄漏。机理研究表明，IC-MOF薄膜中分析物与金属离子之间的直接相互作用可能会解释传感器的超高灵敏度和响应速度。通过测试显示电解液泄漏的实际LIB，进一步证明了实时检测。传感器能够发出泄漏信号，而泄漏的电池电压可以保持与原始电池几乎相同的电压达几个小时，这表明我们的传感器具有数小时的预警能力。此外，还证明了其长期的设备稳定性（在环境大气中经过6个月的测试，变化可忽略不计）。