Abstract The cycling and long-term supply of phosphorus (P) in soils are of global environmental and agricultural concern. To advance the knowledge, a detailed understanding of both the vertical and lateral variation of P chemical speciation and retention mechanism(s) is required, a knowledge that is limited in postglacial forest soils. We combined the use of synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy with multi-elemental co-localisation analysis and P K-edge XANES spectroscopy to reveal critical chemical and structural soil properties. We established a two-dimensional (2D) imagery of P retention and speciation at a microscale spatial resolution in two forest soil profiles formed in glaciofluvial and wave-washed sand. The abundance and speciation of P in the upper 40 cm was found to be influenced by soil weathering and podzolization, leading to spatial variability in P speciation on the microscale ( 600 μm) hot spots of inclusions in aluminosilicates or as discrete micro-sized apatite grains. The subsoil apatite represents a pool of P that trees can potentially acquire and thus add to the biogeochemically active P pool in temperate forest soils.

中文翻译：

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二维中的磷：受磷灰石风化和灰化作用影响的两种瑞典森林土壤中的空间分辨磷形态

摘要 土壤中磷（P）的循环和长期供应是全球环境和农业关注的问题。为了提高知识，需要详细了解 P 化学形态和保留机制的垂直和横向变化，这在冰后森林土壤中是有限的。我们将同步加速器 X 射线荧光显微镜的使用与多元素共定位分析和 P K 边缘 XANES 光谱相结合，以揭示关键的化学和结构土壤特性。我们在冰川河流和波浪冲刷沙子中形成的两个森林土壤剖面中，以微尺度空间分辨率建立了 P 保留和物种形成的二维 (2D) 图像。发现上部 40 cm P 的丰度和形态受土壤风化和灰化作用的影响，导致 P 形态在铝硅酸盐中夹杂物的微尺度 (600 μm) 热点或作为离散的微尺寸磷灰石颗粒的空间变异性。底土磷灰石代表了树木可能获得的磷库，从而添加到温带森林土壤中具有生物地球化学活性的磷库中。