For over 150 years, spectrally selective filters have been proposed to improve the vision of observers with color vision deficiencies [1]. About 6% of males and <1% of females have anomalies in their gene arrays coded on the X chromosome that result in significantly decreased spectral separation between their middle- (M-) and long- (L-) wave sensitive cone photoreceptors [2]. These shifts alter individuals’ color-matching and chromatic discrimination such that they are classified as anomalous trichromats [3, 4]. Broad-band spectrally selective filters proposed to improve the vision of color-deficient observers principally modify the illuminant and are largely ineffective in enhancing discrimination or perception because they do not sufficiently change the relative activity of M- and L-photoreceptors [5, 6]. Properly tailored notch filters, by contrast, might increase the difference of anomalous M- and L-cone signals. Here, we evaluated the effects of long-term usage of a commercial filter designed for this purpose on luminance and chromatic contrast response, estimated with a signal detection-based scaling method. We found that sustained use over two weeks was accompanied by increased chromatic contrast response in anomalous trichromats. Importantly, these improvements were observed when tested without the filters, thereby demonstrating an adaptive visual response. Normal observers and a placebo control showed no such changes in contrast response. These findings demonstrate a boosted chromatic response from exposure to enhanced chromatic contrasts in observers with reduced spectral discrimination. They invite the suggestion that modifications of photoreceptor signals activate a plastic post-receptoral substrate that could potentially be exploited for visual rehabilitation.

150 多年来，人们提出了光谱选择性滤光片来改善色觉缺陷的观察者的视力 [1]。大约 6% 的男性和 <1% 的女性在 X 染色体上编码的基因阵列中存在异常，导致中波 (M-) 和长波 (L-) 波敏感锥光感受器之间的光谱分离显着减少 [2] ]。这些变化改变了个体的颜色匹配和色度辨别能力，因此他们被归类为异常三色视者 [3, 4]。为改善色盲观察者的视力而提出的宽带光谱选择性滤光片主要是修改光源，但在增强辨别力或感知方面基本上无效，因为它们没有充分改变 M 和 L 光感受器的相对活性 [5, 6] . 适当定制的陷波滤波器，相比之下，可能会增加异常 M 和 L 锥信号的差异。在这里，我们评估了长期使用为此目的而设计的商用滤波器对亮度和色度对比度响应的影响，通过基于信号检测的缩放方法进行估计。我们发现，在异常三色视者中，持续使用两周以上会伴随色度对比反应的增加。重要的是，这些改进在测试时被观察到 我们发现，在异常三色视者中，持续使用两周以上会伴随色度对比反应的增加。重要的是，这些改进在测试时被观察到 我们发现，在异常三色视者中，持续使用两周以上会伴随色度对比反应的增加。重要的是，这些改进在测试时被观察到没有过滤器，从而展示了自适应视觉响应。正常观察者和安慰剂对照在对比反应中没有显示出这样的变化。这些发现表明，在光谱辨别力降低的观察者中，由于暴露于增强的色度对比度，色度响应增强。他们提出这样的建议，即光感受器信号的修改会激活一种塑料后感受器基质，该基质可能被用于视觉康复。