‘Analog’ forestry is a novel silvicultural approach for reforestation of degraded land that seeks to establish trees that are analogous in structure and ecological function to the original climax or subclimax vegetation of the region where they are planted. Analog forestry aims to strengthen rural communities, both socially and economically, with tree plantings of high biodiversity, which provide commercial products and resiliency, while avoiding agrochemicals and fossil fuels. The latter links this strategy to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, but there has been little analysis comparing the potential for above- and below-ground carbon storage in analog forests, as compared with more typical reforestation efforts via single-species plantations. We present the results of a study to estimate carbon sequestration levels, above- and below-ground, from an experimental analog forest system and a teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) plantation system, in comparison with a degraded pasture system. The study found that the analog and teak plantation forest systems stored higher quantities of total carbon (178 and 141 t C ha⁻¹, respectively), when compared with a degraded pasture system (124 t C ha⁻¹). However, the teak plantation had decreased soil carbon stocks, relative to the degraded pasture. The analog forest had the best balance of both above- and below-ground carbon stored over the 17-year study period and provided a more diverse array of timber and non-timber forest products when compared with the teak plantation. This suggests that analog forestry could be a viable social–ecological approach to carbon storage and reforestation in the study region and other places with large areas of degraded pasture and a good understanding of the structure and function of the original vegetation.

中文翻译：

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厄瓜多尔“模拟”林业的碳固存潜力：退化草地重新造林的替代策略

“模拟”林业是一种用于退化林地重新造林的新型造林方法，旨在建立与种植区域的原始高潮或次高潮植被相似的结构和生态功能的树木。模拟林业旨在通过生物多样性高的树木种植来在社会和经济上加强农村社区，这些树木可以提供商业产品和韧性，同时避免使用农药和化石燃料。后者将这一战略与减缓气候变化和适应战略联系起来，但是与通过单一物种人工林进行更典型的再造林活动相比，很少有分析比较模拟森林中地上和地下碳储存的潜力。我们提供了一项研究结果，以估算碳固存水平，与退化的牧场系统相比，Tectona grandis Lf）人工林系统。研究发现，与退化的牧场系统（124 t C ha ^-1）相比，模拟和柚木人工林系统储存的总碳量更高（分别为178和141 t C ha ^-1）。）。然而，相对于退化的牧场，柚木种植园的土壤碳储量减少了。在17年的研究期内，模拟森林在地上和地下的碳储量方面具有最佳平衡，与柚木人工林相比，提供了更多种类的木材和非木材森林产品。这表明，在研究区域和牧场退化程度大的其他地区，以及对原始植被的结构和功能有很好的了解的情况下，模拟林业可能是一种可行的社会-生态方法，以进行碳储存和再造林。