The mosquito Aedes albopictus is one of the most dangerous invasive species. Its worldwide spread has created health concerns as it is a major vector of arboviruses of public health significance such as chikungunya (CHIKV). Dynamics of different genetic backgrounds and admixture events may have impacted competence for CHIKV in adventive populations. Using microsatellites, we infer the genetic structure of populations across the expansion areas that we then associate with their competence for different CHIKV genotypes. Here we show that the demographic history of Ae. albopictus populations is a consequence of rapid complex patterns of historical lineage diversification and divergence that influenced their competence for CHIKV. The history of adventive populations is associated with CHIKV genotypes in a genotype-by-genotype interaction that impacts their vector competence. Thus, knowledge of the demographic history and vector competence of invasive mosquitoes is pivotal for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks in newly colonized areas.

蚊白纹伊蚊是最危险的入侵物种之一。它的全球传播引起了人们的健康担忧，因为它是具有公共卫生意义的虫媒病毒的主要载体，例如基孔肯雅热（CHIKV）。不同遗传背景和混合物事件的动态可能已影响外来人口中CHIKV的能力。使用微卫星，我们推断了扩展区域内种群的遗传结构，然后将其与不同CHIKV基因型的能力相关联。在这里，我们显示了大江的人口历史。白化病人口是历史沿袭多样化和趋异的快速复杂模式的结果，这影响了他们对CHIKV的能力。外来种群的历史在影响其媒介能力的基因型-基因型相互作用中与CHIKV基因型相关。因此，了解侵入性蚊子的人口历史和媒介能力对于评估新定居地区虫媒病毒暴发的风险至关重要。