Understanding how organisms respond to environmental change is one of the most pressing grand challenges of organismal biology. In the vast oceans that cover 71% of Earth’s surface, remote sensing technologies have created unprecedented opportunities to create new knowledge and deliver integrated understandings of marine organism-environment interactions via long-term monitoring. Using historic whaling records and >15 years of satellite-derived data, we show that movement parameters associated with long-distance humpback whale migrations, including utilization of a south-southeast directed migratory corridor, migration path straightness, direction, timing, and velocity, have not significantly changed during a period of dynamic oceanographic and geomagnetic conditions. These findings reveal an apparent paradox: humpback whale migrations do not change in a changing ocean. Geophysical analyses of the same humpback whale movements demonstrate that these whales maintained prolonged migratory fidelity to a limited suite of spatiotemporal trajectories through gravitational coordinates, raising the possibility that migratory decisions are relatively insensitive to changing oceanographic and geomagnetic conditions. Our findings highlight the importance of filling the knowledge gaps that currently limit our ability to understand and anticipate organismal responses to rapidly changing Earth system conditions.

中文翻译：

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尽管海洋和地磁发生变化，但多年期座头鲸迁徙路线的保真度

了解生物体如何对环境变化做出反应是生物体生物学最紧迫的重大挑战之一。在覆盖地球表面 71% 的广阔海洋中，遥感技术创造了前所未有的机会，可以通过长期监测来创造新知识并提供对海洋生物与环境相互作用的综合理解。使用历史捕鲸记录和超过 15 年的卫星衍生数据，我们展示了与长距离座头鲸迁徙相关的运动参数，包括利用南-东南定向迁徙走廊、迁徙路径直线度、方向、时间和速度，在动态海洋和地磁条件期间没有显着变化。这些发现揭示了一个明显的悖论：座头鲸的迁徙在不断变化的海洋中不会改变。对相同座头鲸运动的地球物理分析表明，这些鲸鱼通过重力坐标对一组有限的时空轨迹保持了长时间的迁徙保真度，这增加了迁徙决定对不断变化的海洋和地磁条件相对不敏感的可能性。我们的研究结果强调了填补知识空白的重要性，这些空白目前限制了我们理解和预测生物体对快速变化的地球系统条件的反应的能力。增加了迁徙决定对不断变化的海洋和地磁条件相对不敏感的可能性。我们的研究结果强调了填补知识空白的重要性，这些空白目前限制了我们理解和预测生物体对快速变化的地球系统条件的反应的能力。增加了迁徙决定对不断变化的海洋和地磁条件相对不敏感的可能性。我们的研究结果强调了填补知识空白的重要性，这些空白目前限制了我们理解和预测生物体对快速变化的地球系统条件的反应的能力。