Accumulating evidence has consistently shown that team-based sports (such as basketball) are beneficial to interpersonal cooperation. However, its neural correlate remains to be discovered, especially in the perspective of two-person neuroscience. In this study, 12 dyads of basketball players and 12 dyads of college students who had no experience of team-based sports training were asked to perform joint-drawing task and control task. During task performance, neural activities were recorded in frontal area by the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning approach. The results demonstrated that dyads of basketball players were faster to finish joint-drawing task and showed higher subjective cooperativeness than dyads of college students. Meanwhile, significant interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) was observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal area only when pairs of basketball players performed joint-drawing task, but not control task. Therefore, we provide the first piece of inter-brain evidence for enhanced cooperative behavior in the individuals with team-based sports training, which could make us deeply understand exact neural correlate for experience-dependent changes of cognitions in humans.

中文翻译：

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篮球运动员合作行为中的人际神经同步：基于 fNIRS 的超扫描研究

越来越多的证据一致表明，以团队为基础的运动（如篮球）有利于人际合作。然而，它的神经相关性仍有待发现，尤其是从两人神经科学的角度来看。在本研究中，12对篮球运动员和12对没有团队运动训练经验的大学生被要求执行联合绘图任务和控制任务。在任务执行期间，通过基于功能性近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 的超扫描方法在额区记录神经活动。结果表明，篮球运动员二人组比大学生二人组能更快地完成联绘任务，并表现出更高的主观合作性。同时，只有当成对的篮球运动员执行联合绘图任务时，才在背外侧前额叶区域观察到显着的人际神经同步（INS），但没有观察到控制任务。因此，我们提供了第一个大脑间证据，用于增强基于团队运动训练的个体的合作行为，这可以使我们深入了解人类认知依赖经验变化的确切神经关联。