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Tissue-Engineered Models for Glaucoma Research.
Micromachines ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-24 , DOI: 10.3390/mi11060612
Renhao Lu 1 , Paul A Soden 2 , Esak Lee 1
Affiliation  

Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Patients with glaucoma generally experience elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP), followed by RGC death, peripheral vision loss and eventually blindness. However, despite the substantial economic and health-related impact of glaucoma-related morbidity worldwide, the surgical and pharmacological management of glaucoma is still limited to maintaining IOP within a normal range. This is in large part because the underlying molecular and biophysical mechanisms by which glaucomatous changes occur are still unclear. In the present review article, we describe current tissue-engineered models of the intraocular space that aim to advance the state of glaucoma research. Specifically, we critically evaluate and compare both 2D and 3D-culture models of the trabecular meshwork and nerve fiber layer, both of which are key players in glaucoma pathophysiology. Finally, we point out the need for novel organ-on-a-chip models of glaucoma that functionally integrate currently available 3D models of the retina and the trabecular outflow pathway.

中文翻译:

青光眼研究的组织工程模型。

青光眼是一组视神经病,其特征在于视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)的进行性变性。青光眼患者通常会出现眼内压(IOP)升高,继而出现RGC死亡,周围视力丧失和最终失明。然而,尽管在全球范围内,与青光眼相关的发病率对经济和健康有重大影响,但青光眼的手术和药理管理仍仅限于将眼压保持在正常范围内。这在很大程度上是因为尚不清楚引起青光眼改变的潜在分子和生物物理机制。在本篇综述文章中,我们描述了眼内空间的当前组织工程模型,旨在促进青光眼研究的状态。特别,我们严格评估和比较小梁网和神经纤维层的2D和3D培养模型,它们都是青光眼病理生理的关键因素。最后,我们指出了对青光眼新型芯片上器官模型的需求,该模型在功能上整合了视网膜和小梁流出途径的当前可用3D模型。
更新日期:2020-06-24
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