The problem with cancer tissue is that its intratumoral heterogeneity and its complexity is extremely high as cells possess, depending on their location and function, different mutations, different mRNA expression and the highest intricacy in the protein pattern. Prior to genomic and proteomic analyses, it is therefore indispensable to identify the exact part of the tissue or even the exact cell. Laser‐based microdissection is a tried and tested technique able to produce pure and well‐defined cell material for further analysis with proteomic and genomic techniques. It sheds light on the heterogeneity of cancer or other complex diseases and enables the identification of biomarkers. This review aims to raise awareness for the reconsideration of laser‐based microdissection and seeks to present current state‐of‐the‐art combinations with omic techniques.

中文翻译：

---

显微解剖——空间癌症组学的必要先决条件。

癌组织的问题在于其肿瘤内异质性及其复杂性极高，因为根据其位置和功能，细胞具有不同的突变、不同的 mRNA 表达和最高的蛋白质模式复杂性。因此，在进行基因组和蛋白质组学分析之前，确定组织的确切部分甚至确切的细胞是必不可少的。基于激光的显微切割是一种久经考验的技术，能够生产纯净且明确的细胞材料，用于蛋白质组学和基因组技术的进一步分析。它阐明了癌症或其他复杂疾病的异质性，并能够识别生物标志物。