Many process safety systems are aimed at attaining and maintaining normal operation. How to maintain a safe process during abnormal operation is more difficult to assess. Initiating events that could cause abnormal operation are varied and they are easily overlooked or discarded as highly improbable. There is a netherworld when operations are suspended or the process is on hold. Hold can be a distillation unit that is placed on total reflux or a reactive process where the process is not at reaction conditions; perhaps reactant additions have been suspended. The assumption is that the process remains at a static condition until we want it to resume. The proverb, “Time and tide waits for no man” should have also included chemical reactions. While some upset causes are not preventable, they can be anticipated and plans developed to safely manage the process until normal operation can resume. Maintenance activities are also prone to increased risk due to delayed or suspended operations. All of these situations have warning signs that can be recognized, but only if an effort is made to assess the situation and develop plans to safely manage the process through the delay.

中文翻译：

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在比赛中举旗，比赛延迟

许多过程安全系统旨在实现和维持正常运行。如何在异常操作期间保持安全的过程更难评估。可能导致异常操作的启动事件多种多样，很容易被忽略或丢弃，因为它们极不可能。当操作被暂停或进程处于暂停状态时，会有一个世界。舱室可以是放置在全回流下的蒸馏装置，也可以是反应过程不在反应条件下的反应过程。也许已停止添加反应物。假设过程一直保持静态，直到我们希望它恢复。谚语“时间和潮流等待无人”还应该包括化学反应。虽然无法避免某些烦恼的原因，可以预见它们，并制定计划来安全地管理过程，直到可以恢复正常运行为止。由于操作延迟或暂停，维护活动也容易增加风险。所有这些情况都有可以识别的警告信号，但前提是要努力评估这种情况并制定计划以在延迟时间内安全地管理过程。