Solar photovoltaic‐thermal (PV/T) collectors, are hybrid collectors used to convert solar radiation into usable thermal and electrical energy. Recently, the field of research on PV/T is has focused on improving the efficiency of the PV/T collector by replacing the conventional heat transfer fluids (HTFs) with nanofluids. This article investigates the effect of hybrid nanofluids mixture ratio on the useful energy and overall efficiency of a PV/T collector operating with Al₂O₃‐ZnO water nanofluid as the HTF. Experiments to measure the thermophysical properties of the hybrid nanofluids were conducted for various temperatures, volume concentrations, and mixture ratios, furthermore, accurate correlation models were proposed. Metrological data and energy output readings collected from the PV solar farm at Cyprus International University were used to validate our model. The study observed that at the optimum mixture ratio (0.47 of Al₂O₃ in the hybrid), the electrical, thermal, and exergy efficiencies of the PV/T collector are 13.8%, 55.9%, and 15.13% respectively. Also, the cell temperature drops by 21% when the mass flow rate is 0.1 kg/s as compared to when it is 0.01 kg/s. Finally, the study concludes that by using the Al₂O₃‐ZnO hybrid nanofluid an overall peak thermal efficiency of 91% can be attained, and this represents a 34% enhancement in the collector's performance when compared to water.

中文翻译：

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杂化纳米流体混合比对光伏集热器性能的影响

太阳能光伏热（PV / T）收集器是用于将太阳辐射转换为可用热能和电能的混合收集器。近来，关于PV / T的研究领域集中在通过用纳米流体代替常规的传热流体（HTF）来提高PV / T收集器的效率。本文研究了混合纳米流体混合比对使用Al ₂ O ₃的PV / T收集器的有用能量和总效率的影响-ZnO水纳米流体作为HTF。在不同温度，体积浓度和混合比下进行了测量杂化纳米流体热物理性质的实验，并提出了精确的相关模型。从塞浦路斯国际大学光伏太阳能农场收集的计量数据和能量输出读数用于验证我们的模型。研究发现，在最佳混合比下（混合体中Al ₂ O ₃为0.47 ），PV / T集热器的电效率，热效率和火用效率分别为13.8％，55.9％和15.13％。另外，当质量流量为0.1kg / s时，与温度为0.01kg / s时相比，电池温度下降了21％。最后，研究得出结论，通过使用Al ₂ O_3- ZnO杂化纳米流体的总峰值热效率可以达到91％，与水相比，集热器的性能提高了34％。