Mesoporous silica nanocapsules were prepared by a soft and hard dual templating approach. Carbon black and carbon nanofibers, used as sacrificial templates (hard template) have been coated by a mesoporous silica layer. Pluronics (P123/F127) and cetrimonium bromide were selected as surfactants (soft template) to produce mesoporous layers with different morphologies and pore sizes. The coated samples were then calcined at high temperature to remove the hard template and produce silica nanocapsules with mesopores in their walls. The so-obtained materials have been characterized by XPS, elemental analyses (ICP), TEM, N₂ physisorption and XRD. The results have shown that the obtained materials exhibit a high specific surface area and a short diffusional pathway within the porous structure, which represents a significant advantage for catalysis applications. Finally, mesoporous acidic nanocapsules were prepared by sulfonic acid moieties grafting, and were tested as a catalyst in a biomass valorization reaction, the hydrolysis of cellobiose. The catalysts have shown high catalytic performances underlining the high potential of the present synthetic approach to produce versatile mesoporous materials.

介孔二氧化硅纳米胶囊是通过软和硬双重模板方法制备的。用作牺牲模板（硬模板）的炭黑和碳纳米纤维已被中孔二氧化硅层覆盖。选择Pluronics（P123 / F127）和溴化十六烷作为表面活性剂（软模板），以生产具有不同形态和孔径的中孔层。然后将经涂覆的样品在高温下煅烧以除去硬模板并产生壁上具有中孔的二氧化硅纳米胶囊。如此获得的材料已通过XPS，元素分析（ICP），TEM，N _2进行了表征物理吸附和XRD。结果表明，所获得的材料在多孔结构内显示出高的比表面积和短的扩散路径，这对于催化应用代表了显着的优势。最后，通过磺酸部分的接枝制备了介孔酸性纳米胶囊，并在生物质平衡反应，纤维二糖的水解中作为催化剂进行了测试。催化剂已显示出高催化性能，这突出了本合成方法生产通用介孔材料的高潜力。