Otomycosis is a common finding in otorhinolaryngology clinics and is usually caused by species of Candida and Aspergillus, particularly black aspergilli. Meanwhile, other fungi can give rise to this infection, and the identification of these requires accurate methods. Here, we report three cases of otomycosis due to rare fungal pathogens. All the patients were young females, and manipulation of the ear canal was identified as a common potentially predisposing factor. In direct examination, filamentous fungal elements (in one case) and yeast cells (in two other cases) were seen. Culture was positive in all cases. Based on PCR-sequencing of internal transcribed spacers and β-tubulin (for mold isolate), the isolated fungi were identified as Talaromyces purpurogenus, Naganishia albida and Filobasidium magnum. By susceptibility testing of the isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B, the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration values were observed for amphotericin B followed by voriconazole. Patients were successfully treated by a combination of antifungals and corticosteroids with no relapse over the next year, except for the case due to F. magnum, in which, despite partial recovery, a course of relapse was reported in the 1-year follow-up call.

耳癣是耳鼻喉科诊所的常见发现，通常是由念珠菌和曲霉菌种引起的，尤其是黑曲霉菌引起的。同时，其他真菌也可能引起这种感染，对这些真菌的鉴定需要准确的方法。在这里，我们报告3例因罕见的真菌病原体引起的真菌病。所有患者均为年轻女性，耳道操作被认为是常见的潜在诱因。在直接检查中，发现了丝状真菌成分（一种情况）和酵母细胞（另一种情况）。在所有情况下，文化都是积极的。基于内部转录间隔区和β-微管蛋白（用于霉菌分离）的PCR测序，分离出的真菌被鉴定为紫杉菌（Talaromyces purpurogenus），白念珠菌和大魔芋。通过对氟康唑，伊曲康唑，伏立康唑和两性霉素B的分离物的药敏试验，观察到两性霉素B其次是伏立康唑的最低最低抑菌浓度值。患者成功接受了抗真菌药和皮质类固醇的联合治疗，第二年没有复发，但由于巨乳镰刀菌（F. magnum）导致的情况，尽管部分康复，但在1年的随访中报告了复发过程呼叫。