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Effects of spatial distance, physical barriers, and habitat on a stream fish metacommunity
Hydrobiologia ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s10750-020-04309-8
Laís Bohrer Mozzaquattro , Renato Bolson Dala-Corte , Fernando Gertum Becker , Adriano Sanches Melo

Metacommunity structure depends on environmental and spatial factors. Stream fishes are constrained to disperse within dendritic networks and waterfalls and other barriers add resistance to species dispersal. We evaluated the importance of environmental and spatial effects on fish metacommunity composition, adopting different models of spatial distance: overland, watercourse, resistance (physical barriers), cost distance (watercourse resistance), and asymmetrical dispersal (considering flow direction). Fishes were sampled in 31 riffle sites of a small subtropical basin of southern Brazil (~ 250 km 2 effective study area). Using redundancy analysis (RDA) and variance partitioning, we found the best model was the one including flow direction weighted by watercourse distance plus environmental variables (overall adj- R 2 = 0.42). However, the explanation of fish composition was greatly improved by weighting spatial distance by stream channel sinuosity or height of barriers. Reach slope and width were the two significant environmental variables. Our study supports that dispersal, in addition to environmental factors, affects stream fish metacommunity even in a watershed of small spatial extent. Detecting spatial effects in a small watershed depends on considering realistic watershed features that affect fish dispersal in drainage networks such as waterfalls and other physical barriers, and distance along the watercourse and flow direction.

中文翻译:

空间距离、物理障碍和栖息地对河流鱼类元群落的影响

元社区结构取决于环境和空间因素。溪流鱼类被限制在树枝状网络和瀑布内分散,其他障碍增加了对物种分散的抵抗力。我们评估了环境和空间影响对鱼类元群落组成的重要性,采用了不同的空间距离模型:陆上、水道、阻力(物理障碍)、成本距离(水道阻力)和不对称扩散(考虑流向)。在巴西南部一个小型亚热带盆地(约 250 公里 2 有效研究区)的 31 个浅滩地点对鱼类进行了采样。使用冗余分析 (RDA) 和方差划分,我们发现最好的模型是包括由水道距离加上环境变量加权的流向(总体 adj-R 2 = 0.42)。然而,通过河道曲折度或障碍物高度对空间距离进行加权,大大改善了对鱼类组成的解释。到达坡度和宽度是两个重要的环境变量。我们的研究表明,除环境因素外,即使在空间范围较小的流域中,扩散也会影响河流鱼类元群落。检测小流域中的空间效应取决于考虑影响鱼类在排水网络(如瀑布和其他物理障碍)中扩散的现实流域特征,以及沿水道和流向的距离。除了环境因素外,即使在空间范围较小的流域中,也会影响河流鱼类元群落。检测小流域中的空间效应取决于考虑影响鱼类在排水网络(如瀑布和其他物理障碍)中扩散的现实流域特征,以及沿水道和流向的距离。除了环境因素外,即使在空间范围较小的流域中,也会影响河流鱼类元群落。检测小流域中的空间效应取决于考虑影响鱼类在排水网络(如瀑布和其他物理障碍)中扩散的现实流域特征,以及沿水道和流向的距离。
更新日期:2020-05-30
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