Average female wages in traditionally male occupations have steeply risen over the past couple of decades in Germany. This trend led to a new and substantial pay gap between women working in male-typed occupations and other women. I dissect the emergence of these wage disparities between women, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (1992–2015). Compositional change with respect to education is the main driver for growing inequality. Other factors are less influential but still relevant: marginal returns for several wage-related personal characteristics have grown faster in male-typed occupations. Net of individual-level heterogeneity, traditionally male occupations have also become more attractive because of rising returns to task-specific skills. Discrimination of women in typically male lines of work seems to have declined, too, which erased part of the wage penalty these women had previously experienced. In sum, I document changes in the occupational sorting behavior of women as well as shifts in occupation-level reward mechanisms that have had a profound impact on the state of inequality between working women.

中文翻译：

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性别隔离，职业分类和妇女之间的工资差异的增长。

在过去的几十年中，传统上男性职业中的女性平均工资已经急剧上升。这种趋势导致从事男性职业的妇女与其他妇女之间出现了新的，巨大的薪酬差距。我使用德国社会经济专家小组（1992-2015）的数据剖析了女性之间这些工资差异的出现。教育方面的组成变化是加剧不平等的主要动力。其他因素的影响较小，但仍很重要：在男性型职业中，几种与工资相关的个人特征的边际回报增长更快。除去个人层面的异质性，传统上男性职业也因对特定任务技能的回报增加而变得更具吸引力。妇女在通常为男性的工作中的歧视似乎也有所减少，抹去了这些妇女以前经历过的部分工资罚款。总之，我记录了女性职业分类行为的变化以及职业水平奖励机制的变化，这些变化对职业女性之间的不平等状况产生了深远的影响。