Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for most of all AD casesand is currently considered a complex disorder caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. As an important family member of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM), TREM-like transcript 2 gene (TREML2) locates on human chromosome 6p21.1, a newly-identified hot zone for AD susceptibility, and encodes atransmembrane immune receptor. Emerging evidence implied a potential role of TREML2 in the susceptibility and pathogenesis of AD. Here, we review the recent literature about the association of TREML2 variants with AD risk and disease endophenotypes. Moreover, we summarize the latest findings regarding cellular localization and biological functions of TREML2 and speculate its possible role in AD pathogenesis. In addition, we discuss future research directions of TREML2 and AD.

中文翻译：

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TREML2在阿尔茨海默氏病中的作用。

迟发性阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）占所有AD病例的大部分，目前被认为是由环境和遗传因素共同导致的复杂疾病。TREM样转录物2基因（TREML2）作为触发表达在髓样细胞（TREM）上的重要受体家族，位于人类染色体6p21.1上，这是AD易感性的新发现热点区域，并编码跨膜免疫受体。新兴证据暗示TREML2在AD的易感性和发病机理中具有潜在作用。在这里，我们回顾有关TREML2变体与AD风险和疾病内表型的关联的最新文献。此外，我们总结了有关TREML2的细胞定位和生物学功能的最新发现，并推测了其在AD发病机理中的可能作用。此外，