Consumer-oriented models have conceptualized recovery in two main ways: as a multicomponent process across various life domains, and as a series of identifiable stages occurring over time. The main goal of the present study was to determine whether psychosocial factors, namely internalized stigma and personal loss, predicted a greater amount of variance in reports of consumer-oriented recovery than demographic, treatment, and illness severity characteristics. Recovery was measured as both a stage and process. Using a sample of 160 adults with serious mental illness from community settings, hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine the relative contribution of demographic characteristics (age, gender), level of enrollment in mental health services, illness severity (psychiatric symptom frequency, insight), and psychosocial factors (personal loss and internalized stigma) on stage- and process-based recovery. Results showed that, beyond demographic, treatment, and illness severity factors, internalized stigma significantly predicted the lowest stage of recovery (moratorium), while personal loss significantly predicted the highest stage of recovery (growth). Neither psychosocial factor alone significantly contributed to the prediction of process-based recovery. Findings suggest that personal loss and internalized stigma are impediments to consumer-oriented recovery, and should be considered alongside clinical measures when evaluating models of mental health recovery. Implications for future research and social policy reform are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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患有严重精神疾病的成年人以消费者为导向的康复阶段和过程模型：个人损失和内化污名的作用。

以消费者为导向的模型以两种主要方式将恢复概念化：作为跨越不同生活领域的多组件过程，以及作为随着时间发生的一系列可识别阶段。本研究的主要目标是确定心理社会因素，即内化的耻辱和个人损失，是否比人口统计学、治疗和疾病严重程度特征更能预测以消费者为导向的康复报告的差异。回收作为一个阶段和过程来衡量。使用来自社区环境的 160 名患有严重精神疾病的成年人的样本，使用层次回归分析来检查人口特征（年龄、性别）、心理健康服务的注册水平、疾病严重程度（精神症状频率、洞察力）的相对贡献, 和基于阶段和过程的恢复的社会心理因素（个人损失和内化污名）。结果表明，除了人口统计学、治疗和疾病严重程度因素之外，内化污名显着预测了最低恢复阶段（暂停），而个人损失显着预测了最高恢复阶段（成长）。心理社会因素单独对基于过程的恢复的预测没有显着贡献。研究结果表明，个人损失和内化污名是面向消费者的康复的障碍，在评估心理健康康复模型时应与临床措施一起考虑。讨论了对未来研究和社会政策改革的影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。