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Lipid and protein dynamics that shape nuclear envelope identity.
Molecular Biology of the Cell ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-15 , DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-10-0636
Shirin Bahmanyar 1 , Christian Schlieker 2, 3
Affiliation  

The nuclear envelope (NE) is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), yet the NE carries out many functions distinct from those of bulk ER. This functional specialization depends on a unique protein composition that defines NE identity and must be both established and actively maintained. The NE undergoes extensive remodeling in interphase and mitosis, so mechanisms that seal NE holes and protect its unique composition are critical for maintaining its functions. New evidence shows that closure of NE holes relies on regulated de novo lipid synthesis, providing a link between lipid metabolism and generating and maintaining NE identity. Here, we review regulation of the lipid bilayers of the NE and suggest ways to generate lipid asymmetry across the NE despite its direct continuity with the ER. We also discuss the elusive mechanism of membrane fusion during nuclear pore complex (NPC) biogenesis. We propose a model in which NPC biogenesis is carefully controlled to ensure that a permeability barrier has been established before membrane fusion, thereby avoiding a major threat to compartmentalization.

中文翻译:

脂质和蛋白质动力学决定核被膜的身份。

核被膜(NE)与内质网(ER)连续,但NE具有许多不同于块状ER的功能。此功能专业化取决于定义NE同一性的独特蛋白质组成,必须同时建立并积极维护。NE在相间和有丝分裂中经历了广泛的重塑,因此密封NE孔并保护其独特成分的机制对于维持其功能至关重要。新证据表明,NE孔的闭合依赖于调节的从头脂质合成,从而在脂质代谢与产生和维持NE身份之间建立联系。在这里,我们回顾了对NE脂质双层的调节,并提出了在整个NE上产生脂质不对称性的方法,尽管其与ER直接连续。我们还讨论了核孔复合体(NPC)生物发生过程中膜融合的难以捉摸的机制。我们提出了一个模型,在该模型中,将仔细控制NPC生物发生,以确保在膜融合之前已建立通透性屏障,从而避免了对区室化的重大威胁。
更新日期:2020-06-15
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