One of Leibniz’s most original ideas is his conception of the living individual as a hierarchical network of living beings whose relationships are essential to the proper functioning of its organic body. This idea is also valid to explain any existing order in nature that depends on the set of relationships of living beings that inhabit it. Both ideas are present in the conception of the natural world that Leibniz presents in his Monadology (§§ 63–70) through his idea of biological infinitism. According to this idea, nature consists of infinite theatres (some within others and some unfolding from others) where living beings unfold their vital functions. Through this idea Leibniz defines both the biological complexity of nature and the living individual, which is in turn a portion of nature that unfolds from an infinite set of inferior living beings. The thesis that I defend in this work is that this Leibnizian understanding of the living individual and the natural complexity that includes infinite hierarchical levels of individuality has a marked ecological sense, as we would say today. This Leibnizian metaphysics of individuality that we could call biological is also interesting in light of the recent studies in the philosophy of biology.

中文翻译：

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鱼和鱼塘。莱布尼兹（GW Leibniz）的Monadology§§63-70的生态读物。

莱布尼兹最原始的想法之一是，他将生物个体定义为生物的分层网络，其关系对于有机体的正常运转至关重要。这个想法也可以有效地解释自然界中任何现有秩序，而这些秩序取决于居住在其中的生物之间的关系。莱布尼兹在他的Monadology中提出的自然世界概念中都提出了这两种想法（§§63–70）通过他的生物学无穷思想。根据这个想法，自然由无限的剧院组成（一些在其他剧院内部，而另一些则在其他剧院中展开），在这些剧院中，生物发挥着至关重要的作用。通过这个想法，莱布尼兹既定义了自然界的生物复杂性，又定义了生命个体，而这又是自然界的一部分，从无限的劣等生物中展现出来。我在这项工作中捍卫的论点是，正如我们今天所说的那样，莱布尼兹对生活中的个体的理解以及包括无限层次的个体性在内的自然复杂性具有明显的生态意义。鉴于最近对生物学哲学的研究，这种莱布尼兹的个体形而上学，我们可以称之为生物学，也很有趣。