Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely studied for tumor therapy. However, the clinical transformation of PTT has encountered significant challenges in tumor recurrence, because the uneven hyperthermia in tumor tissues can result in the survival of cancer cells in the lower temperature regions close to blood vessels (as the blood flow can dissipate the localized heat). It is therefore important for clinical treatments to retain the excellent therapeutic efficiency of PTT at relatively low temperatures. In this article, innocuous hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS) with a high photothermal conversion efficiency were obtained by a one-pot synthesis method. After modification with DSPE-PEG, the HMCS-PEG exhibited a superior stability in biomedia, which is beneficial for further biological applications. Interestingly, combined with hydrophobic gambogic acid (GA) which can downregulate heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), the HMCS-PEG-GA system showed a significant NIR-enhanced tumor therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo under mild temperature conditions (∼43 °C), and the combination index (CI) value of HMCS-PEG-GA was found to be 0.72. Meanwhile, this nano-system possessed good photothermal imaging and photoacoustic imaging abilities. Guided by the photoacoustic imaging signal, HMCS-PEG-GA showed enormous potential for use in accurate tumor diagnosis and mild-temperature PPT treatment applications, which is very important for clinical transformation of this nano-system.

中文翻译：

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NIR控制的HSP90抑制剂从空心介孔纳米碳中释放出来，用于在光声成像的指导下进行协同肿瘤光热疗法。

光热疗法（PTT）已被广泛研究用于肿瘤治疗。然而，PTT的临床转化在肿瘤复发中遇到了重大挑战，因为肿瘤组织中不均匀的高温会导致癌细胞在靠近血管的较低温度区域存活（因为血流可以消散局部热量） 。因此，对于临床治疗而言重要的是在相对较低的温度下保持PTT的优异治疗效率。本文通过一锅法合成获得了具有高光热转化效率的无毒空心中孔碳球（HMCS）。用DSPE-PEG修饰后，HMCS-PEG在生物培养基中表现出优异的稳定性，这对进一步的生物学应用是有益的。有趣的是在温和的温度条件下（〜43°C）进行体外和体内试验，结果发现HMCS-PEG-GA的组合指数（CI）值为0.72。同时，该纳米系统具有良好的光热成像和光声成像能力。在光声成像信号的引导下，HMCS-PEG-GA在准确的肿瘤诊断和温和的PPT治疗应用中显示出巨大的潜力，这对于该纳米系统的临床转化非常重要。