Human fatigue is a major risk factor in transportation that contributes, directly or indirectly, to a large number of traffic accidents. Though many studies have investigated fatigue-inducing factors in transportation to manage human fatigue more efficiently, there are limited studies related to vessel traffic service (VTS). To fill this gap, this work aims to determine the key causal factors and symptoms of human fatigue with a focus on VTS operations. Achieving this aim is hindered by the problems of no standard definition of task-related fatigue and limited data sources. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel definition of task-related human fatigue, a task-driven approach for identifying causal factors and a causal network-based approach for selecting key causal factors. Twelve key causal factors of human fatigue in VTS were identified and analysed. In addition, it was found that VTS operators suffered from multidimensional fatigue, especially physical fatigue. The results provide a foundation and future directions for designing interventions to manage human fatigue.

中文翻译：

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船舶交通服务中与任务相关的人体疲劳的原因和症状：一种任务驱动的方法

人体疲劳是交通运输中的主要风险因素，直接或间接导致大量交通事故。尽管许多研究已经调查了交通中的疲劳诱发因素以更有效地管理人类疲劳，但与船舶交通服务 (VTS) 相关的研究有限。为了填补这一空白，这项工作旨在确定人类疲劳的关键原因和症状，重点是 VTS 操作。任务相关疲劳没有标准定义和数据来源有限等问题阻碍了这一目标的实现。为了解决这些问题，本文提出了与任务相关的人类疲劳的新定义、用于识别因果因素的任务驱动方法和用于选择关键因果因素的基于因果网络的方法。识别和分析了 VTS 中人类疲劳的 12 个关键原因。此外，还发现VTS操作员存在多维疲劳，尤其是身体疲劳。结果为设计干预措施以管理人类疲劳提供了基础和未来方向。