Infrared (IR) antireflective and protective coating (ARPC) is crucial for the development of IR precision guidance and detection systems for practical applications, attracting significant attention from strong military powers worldwide. Extreme application environments require functional film to have high surface hardness, excellent stability, and good adhesion. Further, multispectral optical transmission demands extremely low absorption in the visible and far‐IR bands, adjustability of optical performance parameters, and optical antireflection in particular bands, and radar stealth requires a relatively low resistance. Herein, recent experimental progress on IR ARPC is reviewed and future opportunities are discussed. Based on the application environment and window substrate, various ARPC material systems, including diamond‐like C, Ge carbide, B phosphide, and oxides, have been developed. These systems are capable of fulfilling different application demands and demonstrate exciting application prospects. To promote the development of IR ARPC material technology, the basic characteristics, fabrication techniques, microscale structures, optical properties, mechanical properties, and development and applications of typical IR ARPC materials from a comprehensive and systematic perspective are presented.

中文翻译：

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红外减反射和保护膜的发展过去的成就和未来的挑战

红外（IR）抗反射和保护涂层（ARPC）对于开发用于实际应用的IR精确制导和检测系统至关重要，引起了全球强大军事力量的极大关注。极端的应用环境要求功能膜具有较高的表面硬度，出色的稳定性和良好的附着力。此外，多光谱光传输要求在可见光和远红外波段具有极低的吸收率，光学性能参数的可调节性以及特定波段的光学抗反射性，而雷达隐身则需要相对较低的电阻。在此，对IR ARPC的最新实验进展进行了回顾，并讨论了未来的机会。根据应用环境和窗户基板，各种ARPC材料系统，包括类金刚石C，硬质合金，已经开发出磷化硼和氧化物。这些系统能够满足不同的应用需求，并展示出令人兴奋的应用前景。为了促进IR ARPC材料技术的发展，从综合和系统的角度介绍了典型IR ARPC材料的基本特性，制造技术，微尺度结构，光学性能，机械性能以及开发和应用。