Stakeholder analysis and engagement is a central tenet for understanding and solving sustainability challenges, and is applied widely in environmental and natural resource management (ENRM). The practice in ENRM follows translation of stakeholder theory from its origins in business management to the sustainability sector. In this analytical essay we explore key concepts in ENRM research and practice to examine complexities that have accompanied this translation to ENRM. In particular, we consider the centrality of stakeholders' landscape perspectives in defining their stake in ENRM issues, and through this lens examine the limitations that are inherent in the classic ‘hub-and-spoke’ model of stakeholder analysis that is the theoretical underpinning for ENRM stakeholder analysis and engagement practice. We argue that unlike the traditional business context where both power and perspective are centred on the business entity that then defines other stakeholders in reference to itself, in ENRM, stakeholder relations are centred on an ENRM issue, typically a landscape or the implications of policy change on a landscape. As a consequence, decision-making power is decentred onto one of several stakeholders; often a government or other high power entity, implicitly conferring privilege to those powerful stakeholders' landscape perspectives over those held by low power stakeholders. We conclude with priorities for foregrounding power and explicating landscape perspectives to identify privilege in ENRM. We direct these insights especially to those ENRM actors who have the dual roles of adjudicator and privileged stakeholder such that they do not inadvertently perpetuate power imbalances through the privilege of aligning their decision-making power with their landscape perspectives.

利益相关者分析和参与是理解和解决可持续性挑战的中心原则，已广泛应用于环境和自然资源管理（ENRM）。ENRM的实践遵循利益相关者理论从其从业务管理到可持续发展领域的转变。在这篇分析文章中，我们探讨了ENRM研究和实践中的关键概念，以检验将这种翻译带到ENRM的复杂性。尤其是，我们考虑了利益相关者在定义其在ENRM问题中的利益时所采用的景观观点的中心性，并通过这种视角检查了利益相关者分析的经典“轮辐式”模型中固有的局限性，这是该模型的理论基础ENRM利益相关者分析和参与实践。我们认为，与传统的业务环境不同，在传统的业务环境中，权力和观点都集中于业务实体，然后业务实体根据自身定义了其他利益相关者，而在ENRM中，利益相关者关系则集中在ENRM问题上，通常是景观或政策变更的含义在风景上。结果，决策权被下放到几个利益相关者之一上。通常是政府或其他高权力实体，与低权力利益相关者所拥有的观点相比，隐含地赋予了那些强大的利益相关者景观观特权。最后，我们将以优先权为基础进行总结，并阐明景观观点以识别ENRM中的特权。