Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) provides important information for better understanding of gene rearrangement, molecular evolution and phylogenetic analysis. Here we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of Chiromantes eulimene (Brachyura: Sesarmidae) for the first time. The total length is 15,894 bp and includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs, as well as a putative control region. The genome composition is highly A + T biased (75.5%), and exhibits a negative AT-skew (−0.017) and GC-skew (−0.206). All of the 13 PCGs are initiated by the start codon ATN, with an exception (GTG) in ND1. The typical stop codon (TAA or TAG) is detected in ten PCGs, whereas the remaining three PCGs (COI, COII and Cyt b) terminate by an incomplete T. The gene order in C. eulimene mitogenome was rearranged compared with that of the ancestor of Decapoda. The gene order of F-ND5-H changed to H-F-ND5. Like other sesarmid crabs, the I-Q-M gene cluster in the pancrustacean ground pattern became Q-I-M order in C. eulimene genome. Tandem duplication-random loss model and slipped-strand mispairing mechanism are determined as most likely to explain the observed gene rearrangements. Phylogenetic analysis places all Sesarmidae species into one group. Almost all families except Xanthidae, Gecarcinidae and Homolidae form a monophyletic clade and the polyphyly of Eriphioidea, Ocypodoidea and Grapsoidea is well supported. These results will help to better understand the gene rearrangements and evolutionary position of C. eulimene and lay a foundation for further phylogenetic studies of Brachyura.

完整的线粒体基因组（有丝分裂基因组）提供了重要信息，可以更好地了解基因重排，分子进化和系统发育分析。在这里，我们首次确定了Chiromantes eulimene（Brachyura：Sesarmidae）的完整有丝分裂基因组序列。总长度为15894 bp，包括13个蛋白质编码基因（PCG），22个转移RNA，两个核糖体RNA和一个假定的控制区。基因组组成高度受A + T偏倚（75.5％），并且呈现负AT偏斜（-0.017）和GC偏斜（-0.206）。13个PCG全部由起始密码子ATN发起，ND1中的例外（GTG）。在十个PCG中检测到典型的终止密码子（TAA或TAG），而其余三个PCG（COI，COII和细胞色素b）通过一个不完整的T.中的基因顺序终止C. eulimene与十足目的祖先相比线粒体基因被重排。F - ND5 - H的基因顺序变为H - F - ND5。像其他sesarmid螃蟹一样，全甲壳动物底模式中的I - Q - M基因簇在C. eulimene中成为Q - I - M阶基因组。确定串联重复-随机丢失模型和滑链错配机制最可能解释观察到的基因重排。系统发育分析将所有Se科物种归为一类。除黄蝇科，Ge螨科和梭菌科外，几乎所有家庭都形成了单系进化枝，E蝶科，O科和葡萄科的多科植物得到了很好的支持。这些结果将有助于更好地了解C. eulimene的基因重排和进化位置，并为Brachyura的进一步系统发育研究奠定基础。