Abstract The environmental compatibility of geopolymers was investigated in this work in terms of the leaching properties of major components, heavy metals and trace elements from monolithic mortars. Fly ash geopolymer, metakaolin geopolymer and a commercial geopolymer mortar were used. Leaching mechanism analysis demonstrates that the leaching of chemical components is mainly controlled by diffusion, while surface wash-off, solubility and depletion also take place. The results were compared with cement-based materials and the regulatory limits in Germany and in the Netherlands for environmental compatibility assessment. Leaching of studied heavy metals and trace elements (except B, V and Mo) from geopolymer are in a similar range as cementitious materials. Only the cumulative release of V is higher than the threshold in Germany, but it still meets the requirement in the Netherlands. Strength decrease after leaching was detected, which was 11.8%, 9.4% and 14.9% for fly ash geopolymer, metakaolin geopolymer and the commercial geopolymer, respectively. In addition, no difference in terms of phase composition in the surface layer was detected after leaching.

中文翻译：

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整体式地质聚合物砂浆的浸出

摘要 本文从整体砂浆中主要成分、重金属和微量元素的浸出特性研究了地质聚合物的环境相容性。使用粉煤灰地质聚合物、偏高岭土地质聚合物和商业地质聚合物砂浆。浸出机理分析表明，化学成分的浸出主要受扩散控制，同时也发生表面冲刷、溶解和耗竭。将结果与水泥基材料以及德国和荷兰的监管限制进行了比较，以进行环境兼容性评估。从地质聚合物中浸出研究的重金属和微量元素（B、V 和 Mo 除外）与胶凝材料的浸出范围相似。只有 V 的累积释放量高于德国的阈值，但它仍然符合荷兰的要求。检测到浸出后强度下降，粉煤灰地质聚合物、偏高岭土地质聚合物和商品地质聚合物分别下降 11.8%、9.4% 和 14.9%。此外，浸出后未检测到表层的相组成有差异。