Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a unique type of porous material characterized by high porosity, large internal surface area and remarkable structural tunability, have emerged as very attractive functional materials for a variety of applications. As a promising subclass of MOFs, lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) integrate the unique advantages of MOFs and the intrinsic features of lanthanide ions, such as sharp emission bands, long luminescent lifetimes, large Stokes shifts, high color purity and high resistance to photobleaching. In this minireview, we provide a brief overview of the most recent advances in luminescent Ln-MOF nanoprobes, which covers from their chemical and physical fundamentals to bioapplications, including their synthetic strategies, optical properties and promising bioapplications in biodetection, bioimaging and therapy. Finally, some of the most important emerging trends and future efforts toward this rapidly evolving field are also envisioned.

中文翻译：

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发光镧系金属-有机骨架纳米探针：从基础到生物应用。

金属有机骨架（MOF）是一种独特的多孔材料，具有高孔隙率，较大的内部表面积和显着的结构可调性，已成为各种应用中非常有吸引力的功能材料。镧系元素金属-有机骨架（Ln-MOF）作为MOF的一个有前途的子类，融合了MOF的独特优势和镧系元素离子的固有特性，例如清晰的发射带，长的发光寿命，大的斯托克斯频移，高色纯度和高纯度。耐光漂白。在本小型审查中，我们简要概述了发光Ln-MOF纳米探针的最新进展，涵盖了从化学和物理基础到生物应用的各种方面，包括其合成策略，光学性质以及在生物检测中有希望的生物应用，生物成像和治疗。最后，还设想了一些最重要的新兴趋势以及在这一快速发展领域中的未来努力。