Sustainable land management interventions were introduced in Geda watershed in 2012 to reduce soil erosion, improve water infiltration, and increase plant-carbon inputs into the soil. This study explored the impact of the interventions on biomass production, carbon stock, and carbon sequestration. Stratified sampling was employed in the main and the dry seasons in the treated and untreated sub-watersheds that are found adjacent to each other. Above- and below-ground plant biomass, soil bulk density and organic carbon in 0–15- and 15–30-cm depths, and soil moisture content in 0–20- and 20–40-cm depths were collected from the crop, grazing, and tree lucerne plots. All analyses were performed based on standard procedures. Plant biomass production, carbon stock, and carbon sequestration varied highly significantly (P ≤ 0.001) among sub-watersheds, landscape positions, and land uses. Higher mean values were observed for treated sub-watershed, lower landscape position, and tree lucerne plot. The higher mean values in the lower landscape position of the treated sub-watershed were due to tree lucerne plantation. Similarly, topsoil (0–15 cm) carbon stock was statistically higher (P ≤ 0.001) in the treated sub-watershed and at tree lucerne plot (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, carbon stock by sub-surface soil (15–30 cm) was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.001) in the treated sub-watershed under crop and grazing lands but the higher value was in cropland and in the upper position. This could be due to the decomposition of organic materials from biomasses of crops and biological supporting measures (tree lucerne and Phalaris) facilitated by tillage. Six years of sustainable land management interventions led to the sequestration of 12.25, 7.77, and 13.5 Mg C ha−1 under cropland, tree lucerne, and grazing plots, respectively. Sustainable land management interventions revealed auspicious ecological impacts in Geda watershed in terms of improving plant biomass production, carbon stock, and correspondingly capturing higher carbon dioxide equivalent taking untreated sub-watershed as a baseline. Prohibition of free grazing was the key element of the intervention to reduce biomass export and increase carbon sequestration in the treated sub-watershed. Thus, sustaining tree lucerne plants as a conservation measure and the prohibition of free grazing practices are principally essential.

中文翻译：

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可持续的土地管理干预措施导致作物-畜牧混合系统中的植物生物量和土壤中的碳固存：以埃塞俄比亚中部高地格达流域为例

2012年在哥达流域引入了可持续的土地管理干预措施，以减少土壤侵蚀，改善水的渗透并增加植物对土壤的碳输入。这项研究探讨了干预措施对生物量生产，碳储量和碳固存的影响。在主干季和干季，对彼此相邻的经处理和未经处理的分水岭进行分层抽样。从农作物中收集了0-15和15-30cm深度的地上和地下植物生物量，土壤容重和有机碳，以及0-20和20-40cm深度的土壤水分。放牧和卢塞恩树地。所有分析均基于标准程序进行。在小流域中，植物生物量的生产，碳储量和碳固存变化很大（P≤0.001），景观位置和土地利用。处理后的小流域，较低的景观位置和卢塞恩树图均具有较高的平均值。在经过处理的小流域的较低景观位置，较高的平均值归因于卢塞恩树木的种植。同样，在经过处理的小流域和树木卢塞恩小区，表土（0-15厘米）的碳储量在统计学上更高（P≤0.001）。此外，在耕作地和耕地下的处理后小流域，表层土壤的碳储量（15–30 cm）显着更高（P≤0.001），但更高的值出现在耕地和上部。这可能是由于农作物生物质中的有机物质分解以及耕作促进的生物支持措施（卢塞恩树和蝴蝶兰）。六年的可持续土地管理干预措施分别在农田，树木卢塞恩和放牧地中封存了12.25、7.77和13.5 Mg C ha-1。可持续土地管理干预措施显示，在改善植物生物量生产，碳储量以及相应地捕获较高的二氧化碳当量（以未经处理的小流域为基准）的情况下，哥达河流域具有吉祥的生态影响。禁止自由放牧是减少生物量输出和增加处理后小流域碳汇的干预措施的关键要素。因此，维持卢塞恩树作为一种保护措施和禁止自由放牧的行为原则上至关重要。可持续土地管理干预措施显示，在改善植物生物量生产，碳储量以及相应地捕获较高的二氧化碳当量（以未经处理的小流域为基准）的情况下，哥达河流域具有吉祥的生态影响。禁止自由放牧是减少生物量输出和增加处理后小流域碳汇的干预措施的关键要素。因此，维持卢塞恩树作为一种保护措施和禁止自由放牧的行为原则上至关重要。可持续土地管理干预措施显示，在改善植物生物量生产，碳储量以及相应地捕获较高的二氧化碳当量（以未经处理的小流域为基准）的情况下，哥达河流域具有吉祥的生态影响。禁止自由放牧是减少生物量输出和增加处理后小流域碳汇的干预措施的关键要素。因此，维持卢塞恩树作为一种保护措施和禁止自由放牧的行为原则上至关重要。禁止自由放牧是减少生物量输出和增加处理后小流域碳汇的干预措施的关键要素。因此，维持卢塞恩树作为一种保护措施和禁止自由放牧的行为原则上至关重要。禁止自由放牧是减少生物量输出和增加处理后小流域碳汇的干预措施的关键要素。因此，维持卢塞恩树作为一种保护措施和禁止自由放牧的行为原则上至关重要。