The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne, calorimetric-type, high-energy-resolution detector for the precise measurement of high-energy electrons, gamma rays, and nuclei from deep space. The DAMPE electromagnetic calorimeter consists of bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals that can measure incident hadron energies from 50 GeV to 100 TeV. For an inorganic scintillator, such as BGO, the nonlinear fluorescence response when measuring ions contributes to the difference between the experimental data and Monte Carlo simulations. This article reports the BGO quenching nonlinearity occurring in the DAMPE experiment. The ionization energy response of BGO to several kinds of ions lighter than iron is investigated by conducting beam tests and analyzing flight data. We compare the scintillator output with the energy loss according to GEANT4 simulations and determine the quenching parameters. The combined result of beam test and flight experiment shows that the quenching effect strongly depends on the density of the ionization energy loss.

中文翻译：

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DAMPE实验中BGO晶体对相对论重离子的淬火作用

暗物质粒子探测器 (DAMPE) 是一种星载、量热型、高能量分辨率的探测器，用于精确测量来自深空的高能电子、伽马射线和原子核。DAMPE 电磁热量计由锗酸铋 (BGO) 晶体组成，可以测量从 50 GeV 到 100 TeV 的入射强子能量。对于无机闪烁体，例如 BGO，测量离子时的非线性荧光响应会导致实验数据与蒙特卡罗模拟之间的差异。本文报告了 DAMPE 实验中出现的 BGO 淬火非线性。通过进行射束测试和分析飞行数据，研究了 BGO 对几种比铁轻的离子的电离能响应。我们根据 GEANT4 模拟将闪烁体输出与能量损失进行比较，并确定淬火参数。射束试验和飞行实验的综合结果表明，猝灭效应强烈依赖于电离能损失的密度。