The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic environmental lead (Pb) exposure in blood lead level (BLL), δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, hemoglobin (Hb) amount and hematocrit (Hct) value in primary schoolchildren and adults. Blood was obtained for BLL, ALAD, Hb and Hct measurements in 23 primary schoolchildren (girls and boys) and 117 adult residents (women and men) living in three villages (Kelmend, Boletin and Zhazhë) defined by concentric circles 2, 3 and 5 km in radius drawn around from the smelter-refinery complex “Trepça”in Zveçan and in Koliq village 40 km away. As expected, BLLs were substantially higher in the schoolchildren from smelter area compared with control (11 ± 4.2 µg/L and 6.9 ± 1.6 µg/L respectively) and in adult residents from Kelmend, Boletin and Zhazhë (24 ± 11.8, 12 ± 4.5, 11 ± 5.4 and 8.0 ± 2.8 µg/L respectively). Blood ALAD activity of children in Zhazhë is 16% inhibited compared to control and blood ALAD activity in adults in villages from smelter area is 32, 3%, 48, 4% and 17, 8% inhibited compared to control. There is no difference of Hb and Hct values in schoolchildren from Zhazhë and in adult residents from Kelmend and Zhazhë compared with control. Results of this study provide evidence of moderate inverse correlation between BLL and ALAD activity in both examined cohorts from smelter area. The inhibition of ALAD activity in primary schoolchildren and adults occurred at blood lead levels < 24 µg/L; consequently it can cause an increase of δ- Aminolevulinic acid.

这项研究的目的是调查慢性环境铅（Pb）暴露对小学生血铅水平（BLL），δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶（ALAD）活性，血红蛋白（Hb）量和血细胞比容（Hct）值的影响和成人。在同心圆2、3和5定义的三个村庄（Kelmend，Boletin和Zhazhë）居住的23名小学学生（女孩和男孩）和117名成年居民（男女）中，获取了血液用于BLL，ALAD，Hb和Hct的测量从Zveçan的冶炼厂“Trepça”和40公里以外的Koliq村庄中提取半径3公里。正如预期的那样，冶炼厂地区的学童的BLL显着高于对照组（分别为11±4.2 µg / L和6.9±1.6 µg / L）以及Kelmend，Boletin和Zhazhë的成年居民（24±11.8，12±4.5） ，11±5。分别为4和8.0±2.8 µg / L）。与对照组相比，扎哈镇儿童的血液ALAD活性被抑制了16％，冶炼厂地区的村庄中成年人的血液ALAD活性被抑制了32％，3％，48％，4％和17％。与对照组相比，扎哈的学龄儿童和凯尔门德和扎哈的成年居民的Hb和Hct值没有差异。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明两个冶炼厂地区的队列中BLL和ALAD活性之间存在中等程度的负相关。小学生和成人对ALAD活性的抑制发生在血铅水平<24 µg / L时；因此，它可能导致δ-氨基乙酰丙酸增加。与对照组相比，扎哈镇儿童的血液ALAD活性被抑制了16％，冶炼厂地区的村庄中成年人的血液ALAD活性被抑制了32％，3％，48％，4％和17％。与对照组相比，扎哈的学龄儿童和凯尔门德和扎哈的成年居民的Hb和Hct值没有差异。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明两个冶炼厂地区的队列中BLL和ALAD活性之间存在中等程度的负相关。小学生和成人对ALAD活性的抑制发生在血铅水平<24 µg / L时；因此，它可能导致δ-氨基乙酰丙酸增加。与对照组相比，扎哈镇儿童的血液ALAD活性被抑制了16％，冶炼厂地区的村庄中成年人的血液ALAD活性被抑制了32％，3％，48％，4％和17％。与对照组相比，扎哈的学龄儿童和凯尔门德和扎哈的成年居民的Hb和Hct值没有差异。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明两个冶炼厂地区的队列中BLL和ALAD活性之间存在中等程度的负相关。小学生和成人对ALAD活性的抑制发生在血铅水平<24 µg / L时；因此，它可能导致δ-氨基乙酰丙酸增加。与对照组相比，扎哈的学龄儿童和凯尔门德和扎哈的成年居民的Hb和Hct值没有差异。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明两个冶炼厂地区的队列中BLL和ALAD活性之间存在中等程度的负相关。小学生和成人对ALAD活性的抑制发生在血铅水平<24 µg / L时；因此，它可能导致δ-氨基乙酰丙酸增加。与对照组相比，扎哈的学龄儿童和凯尔门德和扎哈的成年居民的Hb和Hct值没有差异。这项研究的结果提供了证据，表明两个冶炼厂地区的队列中BLL和ALAD活性之间存在中等程度的负相关。小学生和成人对ALAD活性的抑制发生在血铅水平<24 µg / L时；因此，它可能导致δ-氨基乙酰丙酸增加。