The aim of this study was to determine the effects of anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening of fermented black ginseng (FBG) in human subjects and to examine underlying biochemical mechanisms of action. A clinical study was performed to evaluate efficacy and safety using a 1% FBG cream formulation. Twenty-three subjects were recruited and instructed to apply control or FBG creams each on half of their face twice daily for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, FBG cream significantly reduced the appearance of eye wrinkles compared to prior to exposure and control cream. Skin color was significantly brightened using FBG cream in comparison with a control cream. To determine the mechanism of actions involved in anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening effects various concentrations of FBG were applied to human fibroblast CCD-986sk and mouse melanoma B16F1 cells. Collagen synthesis in CCD-986sk cells was improved significantly at 1, 3, 10, or 30 µg/ml of FBG. At 30 µg/ml, FBG significantly inhibited (73%) collagenase, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) compared to control. Tyrosinase activity and DOPA (3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine) oxidation were significantly decreased at all tested concentrations. Melanin production in B16F1 cells was concentration-dependently reduced from 15% to 60% by all concentrations of FBG. These results suggested that a 1% FBG cream exerted anti-wrinkle and skin-whitening effects.

这项研究的目的是确定发酵黑参（FBG）在人类受试者中的抗皱和美白皮肤的作用，并研究其潜在的生化作用机理。使用1％FBG乳膏制剂进行了一项临床研究，以评估疗效和安全性。招募了二十三名受试者，并指示他们分别在其一半的脸部上分别使用控制霜或FBG霜两次，连续8周。与暴露和对照乳霜之前相比，在8周后，FBG乳霜显着减少了眼部皱纹的出现。与对照乳霜相比，使用FBG乳霜可显着提亮肤色。为了确定抗皱和美白作用的作用机理，将各种浓度的FBG应用于人成纤维细胞CCD-986sk和小鼠黑素瘤B16F1细胞。在FBG浓度为1、3、10或30μg/ ml时，CCD-986sk细胞中的胶原蛋白合成显着改善。与对照组相比，FBG以30 µg / ml的浓度可显着抑制（73％）胶原酶和基质金属蛋白酶-1（MMP-1）。在所有测试浓度下，酪氨酸酶活性和DOPA（3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸）氧化均显着降低。通过所有浓度的FBG，B16F1细胞中黑色素的生成浓度从15％降低到60％。这些结果表明，1％FBG乳霜具有抗皱和美白皮肤的作用。在所有测试浓度下，4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸的氧化均显着降低。通过所有浓度的FBG，B16F1细胞中黑色素的生成浓度从15％降低到60％。这些结果表明，1％FBG乳霜具有抗皱和美白皮肤的作用。在所有测试浓度下，4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸的氧化均显着降低。通过所有浓度的FBG，B16F1细胞中黑色素的生成浓度依赖性地从15％降低到60％。这些结果表明，1％FBG乳霜具有抗皱和美白皮肤的作用。