Abstract Four main glucosinolates (progoitrin, epiprogoitrin, gluconapin, and neoglucobrassicin) were isolated and identified from Isatis indigotica roots (Isatidis Radix). Among these, neoglucobrassicin was the first indole glucosinolate isolated from this herb, and its structure was elucidated by NMR, MS, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The glucosinolate components of Isatidis Radix have been profiled by combined use of a conventional preparative column chromatography method and a new UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS method, and validated by simultaneous analysis of intact and desulfurized GLS. A total of 16 glucosinolates (GLS) including 12 aliphatic GLS, two aromatic GLS, and two indole GLS were identified on the basis of their UV profiles, MS/MS data, and/or by comparison with reference substances. Among these nine GLS were reported from I. indigotica for the first time. The total GLS, four isolated GLS, and (R,S)-goitrin (a degraded product of progoitrin and epiprogoitrin) have been estimated in vitro for anti-influenza viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. All the glucosinolate samples were inactive against H3N2 virus and four pathogenic bacteria, and two previously unnoticed GLS (gluconapin and neoglucobrassicin) showed significantly anti-inflammatory activity against the respiratory burst of mouse macrophages. Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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菘蓝根中硫代葡萄糖苷的分离、鉴定、生物学评估和分析

摘要 从板蓝根（Isatidis Radix）中分离并鉴定了四种主要的芥子油苷（前驱蚊胺、表前驱蚊胺、葡糖苷和新葡糖苷）。其中，neoglucobrassicin 是第一个从这种草药中分离出的吲哚芥子油苷，其结构通过核磁共振、质谱和 X 射线衍射分析得到阐明。板蓝根的硫代葡萄糖苷成分已通过结合使用传统的制备柱色谱法和新的 UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS 方法进行分析，并通过完整和脱硫的 GLS 的同步分析进行验证。根据 UV 谱、MS/MS 数据和/或与参考物质的比较，共鉴定出 16 种硫代葡萄糖苷 (GLS)，包括 12 种脂肪族 GLS、两种芳香族 GLS 和两种吲哚 GLS。在这九个 GLS 中，我报告了。靛蓝第一次。已在体外估计了总 GLS、四个分离的 GLS 和 (R,S)-goitrin（progoitrin 和 epiprogoitrin 的降解产物）的抗流感病毒、抗菌和抗炎活性。所有硫代葡萄糖苷样品对 H3N2 病毒和四种病原菌均无活性，两种以前未被注意到的 GLS（葡糖苷酸和新葡糖苷）对小鼠巨噬细胞的呼吸爆发具有显着的抗炎活性。图形概要 和两种以前未被注意到的 GLS（葡糖苷酸和新葡糖苷）对小鼠巨噬细胞的呼吸爆发显示出显着的抗炎活性。图形概要 和两种以前未被注意到的 GLS（葡糖苷酸和新葡糖苷）对小鼠巨噬细胞的呼吸爆发显示出显着的抗炎活性。图形概要