Background: The link between arterial stiffness and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is receiving increasing attention, and the goal of this study was to explore the relationship among the ankle brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Ba-PWV), and MCI in patients with acute lacunar infarction (ALI). Methods: A total of 103 hospitalized patients with ALI were divided into a non-MCI group (n = 41) and an MCI group (n = 62) according to their Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association among ABI, Ba-PWV, and MCI after adjusting for confounding factors. Spearman correlation was utilized to analyse the correlations between ABI, Ba-PWV, and MoCA total scores and sub-scores in ALI patients. Results: Participants with cognitive impairment had significantly higher Ba-PWV and lower ABI than those with normal cognition. Correlation analysis suggested that Ba-PWV (r = −0.854, p < 0.05) and ABI (r = 0.734, p < 0.05) were correlated with MoCA total scores; of all MoCA sub-scores, visuospatial/executive function was the most strongly correlated with the vascular variables. In the binary logistic regression analysis, Ba-PWV (odds ratio [OR] = 4.507, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.152–9.441) and ABI (OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 1.015–1.254) were significantly associated with MCI, even after adjusting for lipoprotein (a) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The present study suggested that a higher Ba-PWV and a lower ABI were independent risk factors for MCI in patients with ALI.

中文翻译：

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急性腔隙性梗死患者踝臂指数、臂踝脉搏波速度与轻度认知障碍的关系

背景：动脉僵硬与轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 之间的联系越来越受到关注，本研究的目的是探讨踝臂指数 (ABI) 与臂踝脉搏波速度 (Ba-PWV) 之间的关系和急性腔隙性梗死 (ALI) 患者的 MCI。方法：将 103 名住院 ALI 患者根据蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）评分分为非 MCI 组（n = 41）和 MCI 组（n = 62）。在调整混杂因素后，使用二元逻辑回归模型评估 ABI、Ba-PWV 和 MCI 之间的关联。利用Spearman相关分析ALI患者ABI、Ba-PWV和MoCA总分和子分之间的相关性。结果：与认知正常的参与者相比，认知障碍参与者的 Ba-PWV 显着更高，ABI 更低。相关性分析表明，Ba-PWV（r = -0.854，p < 0.05）和 ABI（r = 0.734，p < 0.05）与 MoCA 总分相关；在所有 MoCA 子分数中，视觉空间/执行功能与血管变量的相关性最强。在二元逻辑回归分析中，Ba-PWV（优势比 [OR] = 4.507，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2.152–9.441）和 ABI（OR = 1.124，95% CI = 1.015–1.254）与MCI，即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。相关性分析表明，Ba-PWV（r = -0.854，p < 0.05）和 ABI（r = 0.734，p < 0.05）与 MoCA 总分相关；在所有 MoCA 子分数中，视觉空间/执行功能与血管变量的相关性最强。在二元逻辑回归分析中，Ba-PWV（优势比 [OR] = 4.507，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2.152–9.441）和 ABI（OR = 1.124，95% CI = 1.015–1.254）与MCI，即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。相关性分析表明，Ba-PWV（r = -0.854，p < 0.05）和 ABI（r = 0.734，p < 0.05）与 MoCA 总分相关；在所有 MoCA 子分数中，视觉空间/执行功能与血管变量的相关性最强。在二元逻辑回归分析中，Ba-PWV（优势比 [OR] = 4.507，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2.152–9.441）和 ABI（OR = 1.124，95% CI = 1.015–1.254）与MCI，即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。视觉空间/执行功能与血管变量的相关性最强。在二元逻辑回归分析中，Ba-PWV（优势比 [OR] = 4.507，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2.152–9.441）和 ABI（OR = 1.124，95% CI = 1.015–1.254）与MCI，即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。视觉空间/执行功能与血管变量的相关性最强。在二元逻辑回归分析中，Ba-PWV（优势比 [OR] = 4.507，95% 置信区间 [CI] = 2.152–9.441）和 ABI（OR = 1.124，95% CI = 1.015–1.254）与MCI，即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。即使在调整了脂蛋白 (a) 和收缩压和舒张压之后。结论：本研究表明，较高的 Ba-PWV 和较低的 ABI 是 ALI 患者发生 MCI 的独立危险因素。