Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill. Aquifoliaceae) is a native South American tree and has a large amount of bioactive compounds. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the so-called westernized diseases and is the third most common cancer in both men and women. Efficient strategies for the treatment of CRC are extensively being explored including dietary intervention. The objective of our research was to evaluate the effects of Yerba Mate extract on cell proliferation, invasive capacity of tumor cells, and angiogenesis. For this, in vitro and in vivo experimentation was carried out using CRC models. The extract was generated by aqueous extraction and prepared according to traditional American procedure of preparing mate infusion. In vitro results showed that the Yerba Mate extract inhibits CT26 and COLO 205 cell proliferation with IC50 values of 0.25 and 0.46 mg/mL, respectively. We demonstrated by TUNEL assay that one of the mechanisms by which Yerba Mate extract decreases cell proliferation is by induction of apoptosis. In a murine syngeneic tumor model, oral administration of Yerba Mate extract in a dose of 1.6 g/kg/day significantly inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth without affecting biological parameters or body weight. Our findings suggest that Yerba Mate may be a promising agent for the treatment of colon cancer and could be used as an herbal medicine or functional food ingredient. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Considering the chemical composition and presence of phenolic compounds with their free-radical scavenging activities and bioactivities against colon cancer cells, Yerba Mate can be a promising candidate as healthy food sources in human nutrition, and also be considered a natural source of potential antitumor agents. Taking into account the economic importance of Yerba Mate in Argentina, this vegetable would have a greater commercial value as a functional food.

中文翻译：

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马黛茶提取物在结肠癌模型中的体外和体内抗肿瘤活性

Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill. Aquifoliaceae) 是南美本土树种，含有大量生物活性化合物。结直肠癌 (CRC) 是所谓的西化疾病之一，是男性和女性中第三大常见癌症。正在广泛探索治疗 CRC 的有效策略，包括饮食干预。我们研究的目的是评估马黛茶提取物对细胞增殖、肿瘤细胞侵袭能力和血管生成的影响。为此，使用 CRC 模型进行了体外和体内实验。提取物采用水提法制备，按照美国传统的马黛茶制备方法制备。体外结果显示马黛茶提取物抑制 CT26 和 COLO 205 细胞增殖，IC50 值分别为 0.25 和 0.46 mg/mL。我们通过 TUNEL 分析证明，马黛茶提取物降低细胞增殖的机制之一是诱导细胞凋亡。在鼠同基因肿瘤模型中，口服马黛茶提取物的剂量为 1.6 g/kg/天，可显着抑制血管生成和肿瘤生长，而不会影响生物学参数或体重。我们的研究结果表明，马黛茶可能是治疗结肠癌的有前途的药物，可用作草药或功能性食品成分。实际应用：考虑到酚类化合物的化学成分和存在，以及它们的自由基清除活性和对结肠癌细胞的生物活性，马黛茶可以作为人类营养中的健康食物来源很有前景，也被认为是潜在抗肿瘤剂的天然来源。考虑到马黛茶在阿根廷的经济重要性，这种蔬菜作为功能性食品具有更大的商业价值。