Soil erosion drives water and nutrient redistribution among landscape positions and thus global biogeochemical cycles. However, large uncertainties remain in the effects of deposition after erosion on soil hydrological and nutrient turnover, hindering precise assessment of global water and nutrient budgets. Herein, we presented the results of soil evaporation and carbon (C) emission measurements in a 19-day simulated depositional experiment at standard temperature (25 °C). A homogeneous soil treatment was designed as a control to assess the effects of deposition. Three soils (Ultisol, Mollisol and Entisol) varying in texture and organic matter content were used, and two soil moisture conditions (drying and wetting) were included to examine the interactions of soil texture and moisture with deposition. Soil macropores were measured using X-ray tomography at the end of the simulation experiment to relate the soil structure to evaporation and C emission. We hypothesized that the deposition of soil after erosion will increase evaporation and C emission and that such effects are regulated by the soil texture and moisture conditions. The depositional soils had greater macropore numbers (8/cm³), macroporosity (0.61 %/cm³), connectivity density (0.91/cm³), cumulative evaporation (332.92 g) and C emission (2.46 g kg⁻¹) than the homogeneous soils (1/cm³, 0.05 %/cm³, 0.02/cm³, 303.35 g, and 1.95 g kg⁻¹, respectively). The effect of deposition on macropores was greater under drying condition than under wetting condition and was greater in the Mollisol than in the Ultisol and Entisol. The effects of deposition on evaporation dynamics varied with soil moisture conditions regardless of soil texture, with less effect under drying condition but increased evaporation under wetting condition. The deposition increased C emission under both drying and wetting conditions for the Ultisol and Entisol, but its impact on the Mollisol varied with the soil moisture treatment, with increased C emission under drying condition but decreased C emission under wetting condition. These results suggested that the effects of deposition are regulated by the soil texture and moisture and that the development of macropores due to shrinkage in depositional soils increased soil water loss and carbon decomposition, which might decrease C sequestration potential in deposition sites.

水土流失驱动景观位置之间水和养分的重新分配，进而推动全球生物地球化学循环。但是，侵蚀后沉积对土壤水文和养分周转的影响仍然存在很大的不确定性，这妨碍了对全球水和养分预算的精确评估。在这里，我们介绍了在标准温度（25°C）下进行的19天模拟沉积实验中土壤蒸发和碳（C）排放测量的结果。设计了一种均质的土壤处理作为对照，以评估沉积的影响。使用了三种质地和有机质含量不同的土壤（Ultisol，Mollisol和Entisol），并包括了两种土壤湿度条件（干燥和湿润）以检验土壤质地和水分与沉积的相互作用。在模拟实验结束时，使用X射线断层扫描对土壤大孔进行了测量，以将土壤结构与蒸发和碳排放联系起来。我们假设侵蚀后的土壤沉积会增加蒸发和碳排放，并且这种影响受土壤质地和水分条件的调节。沉积土壤具有较大的大孔数（8 / cm³），大孔隙（0.61％/厘米³），连通性密度（0.91 /厘米³），累积的蒸发（332.92克）和C发射（2.46克千克^-1）比齐土壤（1 /厘米³，0.05％/厘米³，0.02 /厘米³，303.35克和1.95克千克^-1， 分别）。在干燥条件下沉积对大孔的影响大于在润湿条件下的沉积，并且在Mollisol中比在Ultisol和Entisol中更大。无论土壤质地如何，沉积对蒸发动力学的影响随土壤水分条件的变化而变化，在干燥条件下影响较小，而在湿润条件下蒸发增加。在干湿条件下，Ultisol和Entisol的沉积物增加了C的排放，但是其对Mollisol的影响随土壤水分处理而变化，在干燥条件下C的排放增加，而在湿润条件下的C排放降低。